Chandra Sekaran N

Centre for Nanobiotechnology

Vellore Campus

Amitava Mukherjee

M. Bhuvaneshwari

V. Iswarya

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

&nbsp;

&nbsp;

VIT University

A Review on Ecotoxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Freshwater Algae

Nanomaterials: Ecotoxicity, Safety, and Public Perception

Although the ecotoxicological effects of various metal oxide nanoparticles on aquatic organisms are being actively studied, the contributions of particles and dissolved ions towards toxicity are still not well understood. The current study aims to assess the contribution of ZnO NP(particle) and ZnO NP(ion) to the overall toxicity and accumulation of ZnO NP(total) in Ceriodaphnia dubia. The aggregation and dissolution kinetics were studied for three different sizes (50&nbsp;nm, 100&nbsp;nm and bulk) of ZnO particles at 0.05, 0.12, 0.25 and 0.5&nbsp;mg/L concentrations in the sterile lake water medium at 6, 12, 24, and 48&nbsp;h intervals. The 48&nbsp;h LC50 of ZnO NP(total) was found to be 0.431, 0.605 and 0.701&nbsp;mg/L for 50, 100&nbsp;nm and bulk particles exposure. However, LC50 of Zn(ion) was found to be 1.048, 1.343 and 2.046&nbsp;mg/L for dissolved ions from different sizes (50&nbsp;nm, 100&nbsp;nm, and bulk) of ZnO particles. At LC50 concentration, the accumulation of 90–95% was noted for the NP(particles) across the sizes employed, while only about 4–5% contribution was from the NP(ion) to the overall accumulation NP(total). The relative contribution of ZnO NP(ion) to overall toxicity and accumulation was found to be lesser than that of ZnO NP(particles) across the sizes used in the study. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.

Aquatic Toxicology

Acute toxicity and accumulation of ZnO NPs in Ceriodaphnia dubia: Relative contributions of dissolved ions and particles

Continuous increase in the usage of ZnO nanoparticles in commercial products has exacerbated the risk of release of these particles into the aquatic environment with possible harmful effects on the biota. In the current study, cytotoxic effects of two types of ZnO nanoparticles, having different initial effective diameters in filtered and sterilized lake water medium [487.5±2.55nm for ZnO-1 NPs and 616.2±38.5nm for ZnO-2 NPs] were evaluated towards a dominant freshwater algal isolate Scenedesmus obliquus in UV-C, visible and dark conditions at three exposure concentrations: 0.25, 0.5 and 1mg/L. The toxic effects were found to be strongly dependent on the initial hydrodynamic particle size in the medium, the exposure concentrations and the irradiation conditions. The loss in viability, LDH release and ROS generation were significantly enhanced in the case of the smaller sized ZnO-1 NPs than in the case of ZnO-2 NPs under comparable test conditions. The toxicity of both types of ZnO NPs was considerably elevated under UV-C irradiation in comparison to that in dark and visible light conditions, the effects being more enhanced in case of ZnO-1 NPs. The size dependent dissolution of the ZnO NPs in the test medium and possible toxicity due to the released Zn2+ ions was also noted. The surface adsorption of the nanoparticles was substantiated by scanning electron microscopy. The internalization/uptake of the NPs by the algal cells was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and elemental analyses. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.

Cytotoxicity of ZnO NPs towards fresh water algae Scenedesmus obliquus at low exposure concentrations in UV-C, visible and dark conditions

Environmental Engineering Science

Toxicity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on Marine Microalgae Possessing Different Shapes and Surface Structures

Scientific Reports

Long-term toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles to Scenedesmus rubescens cultivated in different media

Uptake and toxicity of CuO nanoparticles to Daphnia magna varies between indirect dietary and direct waterborne exposures

Journal	Data powered by TypesetNanomaterials: Ecotoxicity, Safety, and Public Perception
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetSpringer International Publishing
Open Access	0