Cotton today is one of the major crops in India. Huge population in this world depend on cotton for their livelihood directly or indirectly. Recently, The cotton production over the years have increased tremendously, but the cotton farmers in the developing countries are facing large problems like high labor wages, unavailability of labor with low market price to cotton. Also inconsistent climatic conditions play a major role especially during cotton harvesting. Most of the cotton picking is done manually in India. Cotton picking manually is time consuming with large wastage during picking. Farm mechanization is one of the major works which can be carried out to get maximum work within less time, money, labor. An attempt has been made to mechanize cotton picking in this paper. It also covers the anatomy of cotton plant, production, and its importance in Indian economy. Indian cropping pattern are studied in detail and various mechanism discussed and their pros and cons are evaluated. In this paper a portable hand held light weight cotton picker was designed to suit Indian farmers of different farm categories as it can save time and can be cost effective. Current labor wages which constitute about 35% of the total cost of cultivation can be reduced to about 10% with the use of cotton picker over a period of time. Also the problems like child labor and bleeding of fingers by burs can be prevented. This new development in agricultural sector can benefit millions of farmers across cotton producing nations in Asia.