We report herein the amperometric immunosensor for antibodies to Plasmodium falciparum histidine rich protein-2 (PfHRP-2). Screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) were modified with alumina sol-gel (Al2O3 sol-gel) derived film and gold nanoparticles i.e. AuNPs/Al2O 3sol-gel/SPE. A thin film was formed by dripping Al2O 3 sol on SPE followed by electrochemical deposition of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The modified SPEs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDAX), Raman spectra and voltammetric experiments. Antibodies in rabbit serum sample were allowed to react with the PfHRP-2 protein that was immobilized on the modified SPE to form antigen-antibody immune complex (PfHRP-2/anti-PfHRP-2). The bound antibodies were quantified by alkaline phosphatase (AP) enzyme labeled secondary antibodies (anti-rabbit immunoglobulins-AP conjugate). Enzymatic substrate, 1-naphthyl phosphate was converted to 1-naphthol by AP and an electroactive product was quantified using amperometry. The performances of the developed immunosensor and Dot-ELISA were tested against different dilutions of hyper immune serum (rabbit anti-PfHRP-2). Dot ELISA and the developed immunosensor (AuNPs/Al 2O3sol-gel/SPE) results for the hyper immune serum containing anti-PfHRP-2 were distinctly positive when diluted upto 8 times (1:12800 dilution) and 11 times (1:102400 dilution), respectively. The developed immunosensor was applied for antibodies to PfHRP-2 in human clinical samples. © 2010 The Royal Society of Chemistry.