Many choices are available to the practitioner of restorative dentistry for children. With the introduction of several new classes of restorative materials in recent years, some confusion has been created about what these materials are, making it difficult to identify their appropriate clinical use. This paper reviews glass-ionomer materials, resin-modified (reinforced) glass ionomers, compomers, and composite resins for the practitioner. Definitions of these materials, a general description of their contents, and usage-selection criteria are provided. Although more choices for tooth restoration can make the selection of the right material more difficult, a better understanding of the components and the strengths and weaknesses of each category of materials offers the opportunity to select the right material for the right situation.

Varalakshmi M

Department of Computer Applications

School of Information Technology and Engineering

Vellore Campus

Saravanarajan M C

Department of Mathematics

School of Advanced Sciences

Chandrasekaran V M

Rajadurai P

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Analysis of M[X]/G/1 retrial queue with two phase service under Bernoulli vacation schedule and random breakdown

International Journal of Mathematics in Operational Research

In this paper, we consider a single server retrial queueing system with working vacations. Further vacation interruption is considering with the regular busy server is subjected to breakdown due to the arrival of negative customers. When the orbit becomes empty at the time of service completion for a positive customer, the server goes for a working vacation. The server works at a lower service rate during working vacation (WV) period. If there are customers in the system at the end of each vacation, the server becomes idle and ready for serving new arrivals with probability p (single WV) or it remains on vacation with probability q (multiple WVs). By using the supplementary variable technique, we found out the steady state probability generating function for the system and its orbit. System performance measures, reliability measures and stochastic decomposition law are discussed. Finally, some numerical examples and cost optimization analysis are presented. © 2016 Faculty of Engineering, Ain Shams University

Fulltext

Ain Shams Engineering Journal

Analysis of an unreliable retrial G-queue with working vacations and vacation interruption under Bernoulli schedule

In this paper, we consider a single server feedback retrial queueing system with multiple working vacations and vacation interruption. An arriving customer may balk the system at some particular times. As soon as orbit becomes empty at regular service completion instant, the server goes for a working vacation. The server works at a lower service rate during working vacation (WV) period. After completion of regular service, the unsatisfied customer may rejoin into the orbit to get another service as feedback customer. The normal busy server may get to breakdown and the service channel will fail for a short interval of time. The steady state probability generating function for the system size is obtained by using the supplementary variable method. Some important system performance measures are obtained. Finally, some numerical examples and cost optimization analysis are presented. © 2017 Faculty of Engineering, Alexandria University

Alexandria Engineering Journal

A study on M/G/1 feedback retrial queue with subject to server breakdown and repair under multiple working vacation policy

In this work, we consider a single server retrial queueing system with multiple working vacations and vacation interruption, where the regular busy server is subjected to breakdown due to the arrival of negative customers. After the completion of regular service the positive customers may demand re-service of the previous service without joining the orbit or may leave the system. When the orbit becomes empty at service completion instant for a positive customer; the server goes for multiple working vacations. The steady state probability generating function for the system size and orbit size are obtained by using the method of supplementary variable technique. Some important system performance measures and the mean busy period are obtained. The conditional stochastic decomposition law is shown for good for this model. Finally, the effects of various parameters on the system performance are analysed numerically. Copyright © 2017 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

International Journal of Operational Research

An M/G/1 retrial G-queue with optional re-service, impatient customers, multiple working vacations and vacation interruption

In this paper, we consider a batch arrival retrial queue with feedback under Bernoulli vacation schedule, where the busy server is subjected to breakdown due to the arrival of negative customers. Any arriving batch of positive customers finds the server free, one of the customers from the batch enters into the service area and the rest of them join into the orbit. Arriving positive customers may balk (or renege) the system at particular times. After completion of service the unsatisfied positive customer may rejoin into the orbit to get another regular service as feedback customer. The server takes Bernoulli vacation after service completion of positive customers. After completion of service (if the server is not taking vacation), repair or vacation the server searches for the customers in the orbit or remains idle. The steady state probability generating function for the system size is obtained by using the supplementary variable method. Some system performance measures, reliability measures and stochastic decomposition law are discussed. Finally, some numerical examples and cost optimization analysis are presented. © 2015, Operational Research Society of India.

OPSEARCH

Analysis of an M[X]/G/1 unreliable retrial G-queue with orbital search and feedback under Bernoulli vacation schedule

In this paper, we consider a single server feedback retrial queueing system with single working vacation and vacation interruption. An arriving customer may balk (or renege) the system at some particular times. The single server provides two essential phases of regular service to each customer. When the orbit becomes empty at service completion instant; the server goes for a single working vacation. In working vacation period, the server works in lower service rate. The regular busy server may breakdown at any instance and the service channel will fail for a short interval of time. Using the method of supplementary variable technique, the steady state probability generating function for the system/orbit size is obtained. Some important system performance measures and the mean busy period are obtained. The conditional decomposition law is shown for this retrial queueing system. Finally, the effects of various parameters on the system performance are analysed numerically. Copyright © 2016 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

International Journal of Services and Operations Management

Analysis of an M/G/1 feedback retrial queue with unreliable server, non-persistent customers, single working vacation and vacation interruption

Applied Mathematical Modelling

A single server queueing system with two phases of service subject to server breakdown and Bernoulli vacation

A batch arrival retrial queue with general retrial times under Bernoulli vacation schedule for unreliable server and delaying repair

Optimal repairable MX/G/1 queue with Bernoulli feedback and setup

MX/G/1 queuing model with state dependent arrival and Second Optional Vacation

Queueing model with state-dependent bulk arrival and second optional service

Analysis of M[X]/G/1 retrial queue with two phase service under Bernoulli vacation schedule and random breakdown

Journal	International Journal of Mathematics in Operational Research
Publisher	Inderscience Publishers
ISSN	1757-5850
Open Access	0