This article elucidates the application of different types of heat exchangers in the bioprocess industry. The use of heat exchangers in the bioprocess industry is inevitable. It is required in the process of heating or cooling of fluid foods; and the evaporation, freezing or crystallization of liquids for the manufacture of sorbet, ice creams and juices. Heat exchangers find application not only in the food and dairy industry but also in pharmaceutical industry, alcohol production and biochemical processing. The application of heat exchangers in bioprocess industry varies over a wide range, from the thermal treatment of fluid foods to the concentration of juices to the cooling of stirred yoghurt or freezing of liquids. It is also being applied in cryogenic processes, sterilization techniques and production of ethanol.