Cr(VI) (hexavalent) is a very strong oxidant which causes high cytotoxicity through oxidative stress in tissue systems. Its abundance in groundwater and drinking water in several parts of the world has been noted to cause severe toxicity to both flora and fauna. This study evaluated the effects of aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus Schum. & Thon. against Cr(VI)-induced oxidative toxicity in vitro in MDA-MB-435S human breast carcinoma cells, along with an estimation of its antioxidant potential, inhibition of lipid peroxidation and determination of its polyphenolic composition. The extract showed significant (P

Raj Kumar V

VIT Business School

Vellore Campus

Guha G

Ashok Kumar R

Mathew L.

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Food and Chemical Toxicology

Complimentary or natural antioxidant type of alternative medicine is developed worldwide to treat male infertility. The aim of this study is to the extraction of T. arjuna bark and activity against human sperm DNA damage in asthenoteratospermic smoker’s subjects—an in vitro study. All preliminary and antioxidant assays (DPPH, H2O2, and total antioxidant, reducing power activity) were done. T. arjuna bark metal analysis was done with AAS. On the other hand, patients were asked to fill a direct questionnaire about smoking history; 25 infertile smokers were identified as asthenoteratospermic; 34 fertile non-smokers (control) were assessed for semen parameters by CASA, seminal plasma Zinc analysis by AAS, DNA fragmentation by colorimetric method and semen genomic DNA damage inhibition by modified non-enzymatic salting out extraction method. Most of the antioxidants are highly present in the aqueous extract; meanwhile, the major content in this extract is zinc 16 µg/g (Ca = 0.5 µg/g; Se = 2.2 µg/g and Mg = 1.6 µg/g) along with FT-IR peaks which also confirmed the metal presence. The semen parameters in smokers that were noticed are low sperm count and morphological changes. Meanwhile, in the seminal plasma of smokers, zinc and DNA fragmentation results were positively correlated with sperm morphology (p &lt; 0.001). Repaired DNA bands were noticed in the in vitro study of aqueous T. arjuna bark, in smokers’ semen. T. arjuna bark will act as cryo protector as well as great zinc supplementary to maintain sperm motility and morphology in smokers. © 2017, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany.

Fulltext

3 Biotech

Human sperm DNA damage inhibition and antioxidant activity of T. arjuna bark: an in vitro study

Annona muricata is a naturally occurring edible plant with wide array of therapeutic potentials. In India, it has a long history of traditional use in treating various ailments. The present investigation was carried out to characterize the phytochemicals present in the methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of A. muricata, followed by validation of its radical scavenging and DNA protection activities. The extracts were also analyzed for its total phenolic contents and subjected to HPLC analysis to determine its active metabolites. The radical scavenging activities were premeditated by various complementary assays (DRSA, FRAP and HRSA). Further, its DNA protection efficacy against H2O2 induced toxicity was evaluated using pBR322 plasmid DNA. The results revealed that the extracts were highly rich in various phytochemicals including luteolin, homoorientin, tangeretin, quercetin, daidzein, epicatechin gallate, emodin and coumaric acid. Both the extracts showed significant (p &lt; 0.05) radical scavenging activities, while methanolic extract demonstrated improved protection against H2O2-induced DNA damage when compared to aqueous extract. A strong positive correlation was observed for the estimated total phenolic contents and radical scavenging potentials of the extracts. Further HPLC analysis of the phyto-constituents of the extracts provides a sound scientific basis for compound isolation. © 2014, Association of Food Scientists &amp; Technologists (India).

Journal of Food Science and Technology

Antioxidant, DNA protective efficacy and HPLC analysis of Annona muricata (soursop) extracts

Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature

Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity ofFicus benghalensis(Moraceae) Leaf Extract

Biomedicine & Preventive Nutrition

Phenolic constituents in the polar extracts of Lawsonia inermis mitigate antimycin A-induced mitochondrial degenerative cascades in Hep3B cells

Objective: To investigate the antioxidant activity of marine actinobacteria. Methods: The content of total phenolics, the level of antioxidant potential by DPPH radical scavenging activity, metal chelating activity, FRAP method, β carotene assay and NO scavenging activity in extract were determined. Results: In all the methods the extract exhibited good scavenging activity except NO scavenging activity. The IC50 values of marine actinobacteria extract on DPPH radical were found to be 41.09 μg/mL. The zone of color retention was 12 mm in β-carotene bleaching assay. DNA protective efficiency of the extracts was also studied using UV-photolysed H2O2-driven oxidative damage to pBR322. HPLC analysis identified some of the major phenolic compounds in extracts, which might be responsible for the antioxidant potential and cyto-protection. It showed a 100% cytotoxic effect in brine shrimp lethality assay within 10 mins. The novel actinobacteria was identified as Streptomyces LK-3 (JF710608) through 16S rDNA Sequencing. Conclusions: The results obtained suggest that the extracts bear anti-cancer metabolites and could be considered as a potential source for anti-cancer drug development. © 2013 Hainan Medical College.

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine

Antioxidant activity of newly discovered lineage of marine actinobacteria

Journal of the Chinese Medical Association

Acute Severe Chromium Poisoning After Dermal Exposure to Hexavalent Chromium

Indian Journal of Pharmacology

Antioxidant potential of aqueous extract ofPhyllanthus amarusin rats

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

Chromium-induced changes in ultramorphology and secondary metabolites of Phyllanthus amarus Schum & Thonn. – an hepatoprotective plant

Hepatoprotective potentials of Phyllanthus amarus against ethanol-induced oxidative stress in rats

LWT - Food Science and Technology

Antioxidant properties of Phyllanthus amarus extracts as affected by different drying methods

Aqueous extract of Phyllanthus amarus inhibits chromium(VI)-induced toxicity in MDA-MB-435S cells

Journal	Data powered by TypesetFood and Chemical Toxicology
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetElsevier BV
ISSN	0278-6915
Open Access	0