Bhaskar Das

Department of Environmental and Water Resources Engineering

School of Civil Engineering

Vellore Campus

Chakraborti D

Rahman M.M

Nayak B

Pal A

Sengupta M.K

Ahamed S

Hossain M.A

Chowdhury U.K

Biswas B.K

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Chemosphere

A comprehensive study was conducted in Nadia, one of the nine arsenic (As) affected districts in West Bengal, India to determine the extent and severity of groundwater As contamination and its health effects in particular, dermatological effects and neurological complications. We collected 28,947 hand tube-well water samples from all 17 blocks of Nadia district and analyzed for As by the flow injection-hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometer (FI-HG-AAS). We found 51.4% and 17.3% of the tube-wells had As above 10 and 50. μg/L, respectively and observed that groundwater of all 17 blocks contained As above 50. μg/L with maximum observed level of 3200. μg/L. We estimated that about 2.1. million and 0.6. million people could be drinking As contaminated water above 10 and 50. μg/L, respectively, while 0.048. million could be at risk of drinking As-contaminated water above 300. μg/L, the concentration predicted to cause overt arsenical skin lesions. We screened 15,153 villagers from 50 villages and registered 1077 with arsenical skin lesions resulting in a prevalence rate of 7.1%. Analyzing 2671 biological samples (hair, nail and urine), from people with and without arsenical skin symptoms we found 95% of the samples had As above the normal level, indicating many people in Nadia district are sub-clinically affected. Arsenical neuropathy was observed in 33% of 255 arsenicosis patients with 28.2% prevalence for predominant sensory neuropathy and 4.7% for sensorimotor. As groundwater is still the main source of drinking water, targeting low-As aquifers and switching tube-well from unsafe to nearby safe sources are two visible options to obtain safe drinking water. © 2013 Elsevier B.V.

Journal of Hydrology

Status of groundwater arsenic contamination in all 17 blocks of Nadia district in the state of West Bengal, India: A 23-year study report

The authors' survey of the Ganga-Meghna-Brahmaputra (GMB) plain (area 569,749 km2; population &gt;500 million) over the past 20 years and analysis of more than 220,000 hand tube-well water samples revealed groundwater arsenic contamination in the floodplains of the Ganga-Brahmaputra river (Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, and Assam) in India and the Padma-Meghna-Brahmaputra river in Bangladesh. On average, 50 % of the water samples contain arsenic above the World Health Organization guideline value of 10 μg/L in India and Bangladesh. More than 100 million people in the GMB plain are potentially at risk. The authors' medical team screened around 155,000 people from the affected villages and registered 16,000 patients with different types of arsenical skin lesions. Arsenic neuropathy and adverse pregnancy outcomes have been recorded. Infants and children drinking arsenic-contaminated water are believed to be at high risk. About 45,000 biological samples analyzed from arsenic-affected villages of the GMB plain revealed an elevated level of arsenic present in patients as well as non-patients, indicating that many are sub-clinically affected. In West Bengal and Bangladesh, there are huge surface water in rivers, wetlands, and flooded river basins. In the arsenic-affected GMB plain, the crisis is not over water scarcity but about managing the available water resources. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Environmental Earth Sciences

Groundwater arsenic contamination in Ganga–Meghna–Brahmaputra plain, its health effects and an approach for mitigation

ADB Annual Reports

ADB Annual Report 2018

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment

Rapid decadal evolution in the groundwater arsenic content of Kolkata, India and its correlation with the practices of her dwellers

Environmental Science and Pollution Research

Arsenic contamination of groundwater and its induced health effects in Shahpur block, Bhojpur district, Bihar state, India: risk evaluation

Arsenic in groundwater of the Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC), India: Critical review and modes of mitigation

Journal	Data powered by TypesetChemosphere
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetElsevier BV
ISSN	0045-6535
Open Access	0