Deep learning is now more popular research domain in machine learning and pattern recognition in the world. It is widely success in the far-reaching area of applications such as Speech recognition, Computer vision, Natural language processing and Reinforcement learning. With the absolute amount of data accessible nowadays, big data brings chances and transformative possible for several sectors, on the other hand, it also performs on the unpredicted defies to connecting data and information. The size of the data is getting larger, and deep learning is imminent to play a vital role in big data predictive analytics solutions. In this paper, we make available a brief outline of deep learning and focus recent research efforts and the challenges in the fields of science, medical and water resource system.