The objective of this review is to form a short compilation of phytochemical screening, pharmaceutical and pharmacological profile of the plant Cochlospermum religiosum. Although the plant is of importance and is widely used in traditional system of medicine, a review article based on the phytochemical and pharmacological screening of Cochlospermum religiosum is not upto date not reported. The various histochemical studies revealed that this plant contains numerous primary and secondary metabolites as its constituents such as flavanoids, steroids, tannins, glycosides, alkaloids, phenols, starch grains and crystals. The gum Katira obtained from the stem bark of Cochlospermum religiosum has wide variety of applications in pharmaceutical industry as adjuvant in colon targeted drug delivery formulations like Azathioprine, as a matrix coating polymers, suspending agent and sustain release adjuvant for nimusulide and Etodalac formulations respectively. The silver nanoparticles biosynthesized from this plant are found to possess antimicrobial activity against various pathogenic microbes. Moreover, many research studies have been conducted to prove the plant's potential as antimicrobial agents. The bioactive secondary metabolite Myricetin which has wide array of biochemical properties, such as antineoplastic, anti-carcinogenic, antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effects has been identified and isolated from leaf and callus by using different techniques such as IR spectra and HPTLC. This review focuses on the phytochemistry, pharmaceutical and pharmacological actions of Cochlospermum religiosum.