Teeth comprise of several different tissues that are topographically assembled to provide physiological functions. Caries, trauma, erosion, and periodontal disease can be the root cause of damage and loss of dental tissues and sometimes loss of the whole tooth. Restorations of damaged tooth tissues and substitution of missing teeth largely with dentures and implants crowned with prosthetic caps represent the traditional therapeutic solutions. Implants have played a major role in the treatment of dental diseases and implants with various designs, materials, and with a range of surface treatments are available in the market now. However, their use is not yet completely satisfactory due to lack of bone support, anatomical structure, and remodeling like natural teeth as well as they have poor integration with the host. The field of tissue engineering has emerged as the avenue for the regeneration of lost structures and tissues by seeding cells on well-designed three-dimensional scaffolds to regenerate fully functional bioengineered tooth. Several types of biomaterial scaffolds with different cell sources have been proposed to regenerate substitutes. Various techniques of designing scaffolds capable of promoting cell attachment and proliferation with appropriate mechanical properties have been explored. Other parameters like porosity, mechanical integrity, and effect of surface modification on morphology/adhesion/proliferation of cell play key role in fabricating the scaffold. © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.