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Design and electro-optic investigations of de Vries chiral smectic liquid crystals for exhibiting broad temperature ranges of SmA∗ and SmC∗ phases and fast electro-optic switching
, V.P. Panov, A. Panov, D. Rodriguez-Lojo, P.J. Stevenson, E. Gorecka, J.K. Vij
Published in Royal Society of Chemistry
2020
Volume: 8
   
Issue: 14
Pages: 4859 - 4868
Abstract
In this paper, we report on the design, synthesis and characterisation of two new ferroelectric liquid crystalline compounds based on using the cores of (i) 5-phenyl-pyrimidine benzene and (ii) 5-phenyl-pyrimidine benzoate terminated by achiral trisiloxane chain, and chiral (S) alkyl chain on the opposite ends of their respective mesogens. These compounds exhibit broad temperature ranges of SmA∗ and SmC∗ phases, whereas the latter exists at room temperature down to 11 °C. This is one of the desirable features of the compounds for perspective applications in devices. In both compounds, the differential scanning calorimetry shows a weak first order SmA∗-SmC∗ transition. This observation is supported by determining the critical exponent of the power law as ∼0.2 that describes the dependence of the tilt angle and the spontaneous polarization on temperature. The two compounds show excellent de Vries characteristics in terms of lower layer shrinkages in SmC∗, the maximum shrinkage in both cases is ∼1.5%. Furthermore (i) the birefringence decreases with a reduction in temperature instead of an increase in SmA∗, and (ii) a large field-induced birefringence is observed in SmA∗ close to the SmA∗-SmC∗ transition temperature, (iii) the maximum birefringence measured is much lower than that of a typical FLC material. The characteristics of these compounds when compared to a conventional/typical ferroelectric liquid crystalline mixture show that these materials surpass in performance in terms of having a (i) wider temperature range of both SmA∗ and SmC∗ phases and (ii) higher switching speed. The layer thickness in SmA∗ and SmC∗ is measured using the techniques of (a) small-angle X ray diffraction, and the (b) optical interferometry of free standing smectic films. A comparison of the results is used to determine an exceptionally useful result of the apparent tilt angle as a function of temperature in SmA∗ without the need to apply the electric field across the cell. This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.
About the journal
JournalData powered by TypesetJournal of Materials Chemistry C
PublisherData powered by TypesetRoyal Society of Chemistry
ISSN20507534