Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are attracting a huge focus in the current energy scenario. Various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) methods are used in solar PV systems in order to achieve maximum power. In this article, a clear analysis of conventional MPPT techniques such as variable step size perturb and observe (VSS-P&O), modified incremental conductance (MIC), fractional open circuit voltage (FOCV) has been carried out. In addition, the soft computing MPPT techniques such as fixed step size radial basis functional algorithm (FSS-RBFA), variable step size radial basis functional algorithm (VSS-RBFA), adaptive fuzzy logic controller (AFLC), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and cuckoo search (CS) MPPT techniques are presented along with their comparative analysis. The comparative analysis is done under static and dynamic irradiation conditions by considering algorithm complexity, tracking speed, oscillations at MPP, and sensing parameters. The single-diode model PV panel and double-diode model PV panel are also compared in terms of fill factor (FF) and maximum power extraction. Clear insight is presented supporting the suitability of MPPT techniques for different types of converter configurations.