Therapeutic potential of the biosynthesised silver and platinum nanoparticles against lung carcinoma cell line. Cellular death was induced by oxidative stress followed by apoptosis.

Amitava Mukherjee

Centre for Nanobiotechnology

Vellore Campus

Chandra Sekaran N

Shiny P.J

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

RSC Advances

Hexavalent chromium can inflict several health issues in comparison to other oxidation states of chromium. Anisotropic gold nanorods (AuNRs) have size-tunable optical properties, and hence, the spectral shift noted with increasing Cr6+ concentrations can be employed for the development of a Cr6+ sensor. The present work involves the usage of BSA-coated AuNRs for Cr6+ detection in biological samples by utilizing hydrobromic acid. AuNRs, upon interaction with Cr6+, can exhibit decreased aspect ratio and transform to nanospheres for higher Cr6+ concentration, for which the color changes from violet to red can be visualized by bare eyes as well be characterized using transmission electron microscopy, UV–visible spectroscopy, and zeta potential analyzer. Cr6+ solutions prepared in phosphate buffer were acid digested to oxidize total chromium to Cr6+. A good linear calibration was noted for longitudinal surface plasmon peak shift (Δλmax) plotted against Cr6+ concentrations with a detection limit of 0.32 μM (R2 = 0.979; Range: 1–100 μM). The method was applied for Cr6+ spiked in artificial gastric and intestinal fluids and simulated blood plasma with good recovery percentages. Their applicability to test chromium internalized in Cr-tolerant bacterial cells and Cr bound to cell walls and chromium internalized in human cells was determined. Hence, the present method can be used as an alternative for Cr6+ analysis in biological matrices. © 2018 Elsevier B.V.

Journal of Molecular Liquids

Using gold nanorod-based colorimetric sensor for determining chromium in biological samples

Gold nanorods (AuNRs) have distinctive opto-electronic properties, which facilitate their exploitation in various fields, especially biology and medicine. However, their interaction with the biomolecules in the physiological system can cause the formation of a protein corona, composing of a soft and hard layer, which ultimately alters the physiochemical properties, toxicity, and fate of the nanoparticles. Thus, the formation and composition of protein corona on three differently functionalized AuNRs [CTAB-AuNRs (positive), PEG-AuNRs (neutral), PSS-AuNRs (negative)] were studied for the three most abundant proteins in the blood serum namely, human serum albumin, immunoglobulin tG, and transferrin. The variation in protein adsorption, mean hydrodynamic size, and zeta potential were studied for different protein incubation periods (0, 0.5, 1, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h). The soft and hard corona layers were estimated for the individual proteins and mixture of the three proteins at the time point of maximum protein adsorption (1 h). Finally, in order to study the biological consequence of the coronation of AuNRs, the cell viability and uptake of AuNRs before and after protein corona formation were studied. The formation of IgG corona helped to reduce cellular toxicity, and at the same time, showed improved cell uptake when compared to the respective as-prepared AuNRs, highlighting their application potential for drug delivery applications. © 2017 Elsevier B.V.

Impact of gold nanorod functionalization on biocorona formation and their biological implication

Different sized tetragonal tin oxide nanoparticles (SnO2 NPs) were synthesized using Piper nigrum seed extract at three different calcination temperatures (300, 500, 900 °C) and these nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FT-IR). The optical properties were studied using UV–Vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectrophotometers. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was monitored by using a fluorescence spectrophotometer and fluorescence microscope. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized SnO2 NPs was checked against the colorectal (HCT116) and lung (A549) cancer cell lines and the study results show that SnO2 NPs were toxic against cancer cell lines depending on their size and dose. IC50 values of SnO2 NPs having average particle sizes of 8.85 ± 3.5, 12.76 ± 3.9 and 29.29 ± 10.9 nm are 165, 174 and 208 μg L− 1 against HCT116, while these values are 135, 157 and 187 μg L− 1 against A549 carcinoma cell lines, respectively. The generated ROS were responsible for the cytotoxicity of SnO2 NPs to the studied cancer cells and smaller size NPs generated more ROS and hence showed higher cytotoxicity over larger size NPs. The results of this study suggest that the synthesized stable nanoparticles could be a potent therapeutic agent towards cancerous cell lines. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

Cytotoxicity study of Piper nigrum seed mediated synthesized SnO2 nanoparticles towards colorectal (HCT116) and lung cancer (A549) cell lines

The growing need for advanced treatment of evolving diseases has become a motivation for this study. Among the noble metals, platinum nanoparticles are of importance because of their catalytic property, antioxidant potential, minimal toxicity and diverse applications. Biological process of synthesis has retained its significance, because it is a simple one-step process yielding stable nanoparticles. Herein, we have synthesised platinum nanoparticles through a green process using the unexplored seaweed Padina gymnospora, a brown alga. The course of synthesis was monitored and the nanoparticles were characterised using UV-visible spectroscopy. The synthesised nanoparticles were studied using TEM, XRD and FTIR. The TEM and XRD studies reveal the size of the nanoparticle to be &lt;35 nm. The catalytic nanoparticles were capable of oxidising NADH to NAD +. The biocompatibility was tested by haemolytic assay for the furtherance of the application of platinum nanoparticles in medicine. This is the first report on the biogenic synthesis of platinum nanoparticles using seaweed. © Springer-Verlag 2013.

Journal	Data powered by TypesetRSC Advances
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetRoyal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
ISSN	20462069
Open Access	0