In the clustering method, the cluster head node loses much energy between transmissions to the base station, confirming that determining the cluster heads is crucial. A robust determination protocol needs to pick cluster heads depending on the node's region and its residual energy. We proposed an innovative approach to the method of selecting cluster heads in this work. The target of the cluster head depends on node distance and node energy. The cluster head selection aims to minimise energy utilisation and to enhance the lifetime of the networking by introducing the shortest path relay node concept. When few subcluster nodes are heavily loaded, this results in faster energy consumption, and to achieve normal energy depletion, the selected trajectory cluster is launched. The distances among the clusters decide and play an important part in energy consumption. As a result, the shortest path selection relay approach leads to the nominal depletion of the energy of each node present in the array to create a transmission with nearest nodes in the shortest path between the heads of the source cluster. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC part of Springer Nature.