Bio inspired computing, is a field which provides various principles encountered in nature for solving/tackling complex problems by using the computational model of the principle. Numerous researches have been done in this area. Bio inspired computing is where the studies have been done in biological field to identify new technique which can be effectively applied in many computer science related problems with mathematical computation. Bio inspired computing is closely related to the field of artificial intelligence. There are many algorithms/principles which effectively provide a new optimization technique. Bio inspired computing is an emerging technique in this era. In which more and more algorithms and techniques are yet to be identified to provide optimal solution to the complex problems. Bio inspired algorithms are experimental and this can be applied when the there is a less knowledge about the problem. These algorithms are inspired by processes observed in nature by the living species. This paper will provide a description about the various evolutionary and emergent algorithms their basic flow of algorithm, applications, advantages and disadvantages. © 2016, International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. All rights reserved.