The densification of serving nodes is one of the potential solutions to maximize the spectral efficiency per unit area. This is preposterous on account of conventional base stations (BS) for which site procurement is costly. Long term evolution-advanced (LTE-A) defines the idea of heterogeneous networks (HetNets), where BSs with different coverage and capacity are utilized to guarantee the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the clients. To maximize the transmission quality of the clients in the coverage holes, LTE-A also defines multihop relay (MHR) networks, where the relay stations (RSs) are also placed along with the BSs. Unfortunately, the placement approaches for HetNet and MHR serving nodes are not standardized. In this work, two different approaches like site selection with maximum service coverage (SSMSC) and site selection with minimum placement cost (SSMPC) are proposed, which identifies the required number of serving nodes, their types, and the placement locations to maximize the coverage and to maintain the placement cost (PC) within the limits of the total placement budget. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed approaches are computationally less complex and offer enhanced performance in terms of aggregate PC, coverage, and power proportion compared to the other conventional approaches.

Arulmozhivarman P

Department of Instrumentation

School of Electrical Engineering

Vellore Campus

Murugadass A

Pachiyappan A.

Fulltext

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Fuzzy Logic Based Coverage and Cost Effective Placement of Serving Nodes for 4G and Beyond Cellular Networks

Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing

In cellular networks, increasing data demand of mobile users is a serious problem. In order to meet the growing requirements of users, placement of evolved node base stations (eNB) is an important issue in this current scenario. In this effort, we are focusing on implementing a profitable and power conservative eNB placement scheme for heterogeneous networks (HetNet). Conventional 2G and 3G standards considered eNBs with identical coverage range whereas in farther 4G standard, HetNet examines eNBs of different coverage range. In traditional schemes, placement of micro eNBs is not considered and also power resource availability check is not carried out. In this paper, a modified uniform clustering algorithm for the placement of eNBs is proposed, where we placed a low power small cells like micro and pico along with macro cells having large power to provide better coverage ratio under power constraints with minimum budget. Our proposed scheme provides more coverage and capacity under power constraints in a profitable way. © 2017 IEEE.

2017 International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing (ICCSP)

A modified uniform clustering based eNB placement scheme for beyond 4G

In cellular communication, placement of evolved node base station (eNB) is an important issue. It determines the cost to construct, capacity, coverage ratio and quality of service (QoS). In 2G and 3G standards, eNBs have similar coverage range. The idea of heterogeneous network (HetNet) is launched in long term evolution-advanced (LTE-A), where the network contains different eNBs of different coverage ranges. The HetNet contains both large power macro-cells and less power small-cells such as pico, femto and relay nodes. But the placement of different eNBs is very difficult. We have proposed a four phase scheme for the placement of different eNBs based on uniform clustering concepts. Our placement scheme chooses optimal eNB sites from the candidate sites in the service area. Also according to the constraint of power on each eNB, it will alter the range of cell to offer the proper coverage while satisfying the demands of user. From the simulation outcomes, it is proved that our suggested scheme reduces the system cost and also provides better coverage ratio under the power constraints. © 2017 IEEE.

2017 International Conference on Innovations in Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Media Technology (ICEEIMT)

An uniform clustering based coverage and cost effective placement of serving nodes for 5G

The network capacity has to be maximized to support the ever-increasing data traffic demand. One of thepotential outcomes to enhance the network capacity is to enhance the spectral efficiency per unit area by expandingthe serving node densities. This is unreasonable on account of present Macro evolved node B (eNB) for which siteacquisition is expensive. The idea of heterogeneous network (HetNet) and multi-hop relay (MHR) are extremely prominentin long-term evolution (LTE) standard, where small cells are deployed along with Macro cell. Small cells aremore suitable solution for the coverage and traffic issues experienced by Macro cell users. Unfortunately, HetNetdeployment is not specified in any of the standards. The network operators have been managing tremendous investmentsfor cellular infrastructures. Because of the high cost and lack of radio resources, a precise and productive HetNetdeployment seems uttermost important. In this work, a flexible four-stage fuzzy logic-based HetNet deployment schemeis proposed, which deploys mix of Macro-eNB, Micro-eNB and relay station (RS) by considering capacity, coverage andcost factors. The proposed scheme identifies the required number of eNBs, their types and deployment locations tooffer the expected coverage in a cost-effective way. The simulation results demonstrate that our proposed scheme is moreflexible and offers improved performance in terms of system cost and power ratio than the conventional HetNet deploymentschemes. © 2016, King Fahd University of Petroleum &amp; Minerals.

Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering

A Flexible and Cost-Effective Heterogeneous Network Deployment Scheme for Beyond 4G

Procedia Technology

A Novel Fuzzy Based Relay Node Deployment Scheme for Multi-hop Relay Network

Optimum deployment of Relay Station (RS) is considered as the most important issue especially for the users near cell boundary. The Multi hop Relay (MHR) network introduces the RS for the purpose of extended coverage and increased throughput. The main objective of this work is to provide a better Quality of Service (QoS) with a minimum deployment cost. In this paper, we identify the candidate positions of RS that will achieve maximum system capacity. Based on the relay location, we propose two algorithms based on coverage and budget constraints. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithms achieved a reasonable coverage ratio within the budget constraint. © 2015 IEEE.

2015 International Conference on Communications and Signal Processing (ICCSP)

An efficient Relay Station deployment scheme based on the coverage and budget constraints in Multi-hop Relay networks

LastMile

5G STANDARDIZATION: WHAT’S NEW IN 3GPP RELEASE 15

Wireless Personal Communications

Cell Selection and Resource Allocation for Interference Management in a Macro-Picocell Heterogeneous Network

Journal	Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
ISSN	1530-8669
Open Access	Yes