(Chemical Equation Presented) A facile rapid green eco-friendly method to synthesize gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) of tunable size using aqueous Terminalia arjuna fruit extracts has been demonstrated herein. Formation of Au NPs was confirmed by Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) study at 528 nm using UV-visible spectrophotometer. The time of reduction, size and morphological variations of Au NPs were studied with varying quantities of T. arjuna fruit aqueous extracts. Synthesized Au NPs were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX). Polyphenols responsible for reduction of Au3+ to Au 0 were identified using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) as ascorbic acid, gallic acid and pyrogallol. The oxidized forms of polyphenols formed coordination with surface of Au NPs which protected their further growth and aggregation. We also propose a plausible mechanism how to tune size and shape of Au NPs by varying the quantity of extracts. Thus obtained Au NPs were stable for more than four months. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Mohan Kumar P

Department of Digital Communications

School of Information Technology and Engineering

Vellore Campus

Badal Kumar Mandal

Department of Chemistry

School of Advanced Sciences

Kiran Kumar H.A

Maddinedi S.B.

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy

Eco-friendl nanoparticles research is one of the fascinating branches of nanotechnology science. Among various metal nanoparticles, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have attracted huge scientific and technology attention due to their nontoxicity, stability, nano-size structure, etc. AuNPs are inert in many biological environments and carry several physical properties which play an important role in biomedical applications. To date, AuNPs have been successfully employed in tumor radiotherapy, drug carriers, biomedical imaging, biosensors, antimicrobial agent, photocatalyst, antidiabetics, etc. Distinct from other reviews, in this chapter we present the green chemical approach for the preparation and remarkable biological activity of AuNPs. © 2018 Scrivener Publishing LLC.

Green Metal Nanoparticles

Biological and Biomedical Applications of Eco-Friendly Synthesized Gold Nanoparticles

Plants are the major sources of different types of phytochemicals with numerous biomedical applications. Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field and plays an important role in most of the advanced science, medicine, and technology areas. This chapter summarizes the plant sources used for nanoparticle synthesis, characterization, and their applications. Plant parts such as leaves, fruits, seeds, stems, flowers, roots, barks, and fruit peels are involved in the synthesis of various types of nanoparticles. The low cost and higheco-friendly-natured plants are very advanced and beneficial to human applications. Nanoparticles such as silver from silver nitrate, gold from gold chloride, zinc oxide from zinc nitrate and zinc acetate, cadmium sulfide and zinc sulfide from cadmium sulfate and zinc sulfate, etc. were synthesized with the help of different types of plants and their different parts are reported in this chapter. © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Nanomaterials in Plants, Algae, and Microorganisms

Plant-Based Synthesis of Nanoparticles and Their Impact

Nanotechnology is the formation, running and use of operation at the nanomaterial size scale (1–100 nm). Nanoscale materials can also be obtained by biological synthesis materials via eco-friendly green chemistry based technique. Current development and numerous strategies involved in the green synthesis of nanoparticles were focussed. This review mainly focused on plants which include scientific name, family name, common name, plant parts, its characterization, size and shape of the nanoparticles. Plant extract which was done experimentally gives its various characterization which leads to the identification of compounds of different nano size and shape. Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles is in different shapes like spherical, rod, cubic, triangle and also in different sizes. Various application and importance of gold nanoparticles in numerous fields were discussed. The mark of the review is to provide an overview of recent learning in biosynthesized nanoparticles, its characterization and their potential applications. © 2017

Fulltext

Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports

Phyto-assisted synthesis, characterization and applications of gold nanoparticles – A review

An antimicrobial agent kills microorganisms or inhibits their growth. Antimicrobial agents may be antibacterial, which work against bacteria; antifungal, against fungi; microbiocides, which kill microbes; or microbiostatic, growth inhibitors of microbes. Generally it is defined as disinfectants or antiseptics or antibiotics or bactericidal or bacteriostatic agent. An antimicrobial therapy is a treatment modality that attacks the microorganisms responsible for a specific disease or condition. Many bulk metals such as copper and its alloys (brasses, bronzes, cupronickel, copper-nickel-zinc, and others) are natural antimicrobial materials. Also, ions of copper, silver, mercury, lead, iron, bismuth, aluminum, zinc, and gold act as antimicrobial agents. In addition, numerous phytochemicals and synthetic compounds have been used as antimicrobial agents. After the discovery of penicillin, actinomycin, and streptomycin, medical sciences tried to use antibiotics instead of antimicrobial agents like silver. Nowadays, due to increasing drug-resistance and growing concern regarding the over-prescribing of antibiotics, the scientific community is searching for antimicrobial agents which can solve the above problems. Hence nanobiomaterials are coming up as emerging materials of the future in medical science. A thorough literature survey on nanobiomaterials used as antimicrobial agents showed that nanomaterials such as silver, gold, iron, copper, iron oxide (FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4), copper oxide (Cu2O, CuO), zinc oxide (ZnO), titanium dioxide (TiO2), silver oxide (Ag2O), cadmium oxide (CdO), alumina (Al2O3), nickel oxide (NiO), silica (SiO2), tin oxide (SnO2), and cadmium telluride (CdTe) quantum dots show antimicrobial activity toward various bacteria and microbes. Also, this chapter will provide a brief highlight of other nonmetallic carbon-based nanomaterials for their antimicrobial activity. Finally, this chapter will provide a brief highlight of a mechanistic approach for all. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Nanobiomaterials in Antimicrobial Therapy

Scopes of green synthesized metal and metal oxide nanomaterials in antimicrobial therapy

We report a simple one step green synthesis of platinum nanoparticles using naturally occurring plant polyphenols obtained from an aqueous extract of Terminalia chebula. No surfactant/stabilizing agent was employed in this method. All the platinum nanoparticles obtained were in the size range of less than 4 nm. The polyphenols responsible for reduction were identified using high performance liquid chromatography. We have demonstrated reduction of Pt +4 to Pt0 and also how the oxidised polyphenols were responsible for stabilizing platinum nanoparticles. © 2013 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

RSC Advances

Green synthesis of nano platinum using naturally occurring polyphenols

Biologically inspired experimental process in synthesising nanoparticles is of great interest in present scenario. Biosynthesis of nanoparticles is considered to be one of the best green techniques in synthesising metal nanoparticles. Here, an in situ green biogenic synthesis of gold nanoparticles using aqueous extracts of Terminalia chebula as reducing and stabilizing agent is reported. Gold nanoparticles were confirmed by surface plasmon resonance in the range of 535 nm using UV-visible spectrometry. TEM analysis revealed that the morphology of the particles thus formed contains anisotropic gold nanoparticles with size ranging from 6 to 60 nm. Hydrolysable tannins present in the extract of T. chebula are responsible for reductions and stabilization of gold nanoparticles. Antimicrobial activity of gold nanoparticles showed better activity towards gram positive S. aureus compared to gram negative E. coli using standard well diffusion method. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Journal	Data powered by TypesetSpectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetElsevier BV
ISSN	1386-1425
Open Access	0