Conventional fuels are depleting rapidly with growing industrial evolution and growing population. The massive use of conventional fuels releases harmful emissions into the atmosphere which is the main cause of global warming. Thus, there rises a huge concern about developing sustainable and renewable fuels which can meet the growing energy demand with less harm to the environment. In the past few decades, various alternative fuels like alcohol, biodiesel, and hydrogen have been found favorable green fuels for internal combustion engines. Methanol is one of these alternative fuels which has emerged as a potential fuel. It can be obtained from fossil fuels as well as from biomass. It can be used in pure form as well as a blend component in IC engines. The utilization of methanol and its blends in IC engines significantly increases engine performance and reduces emissions. This chapter describes different aspects of using methanol as a fuel for both compression ignition (CI) and spark ignition (SI) engines. The chapter focuses on the advantages and disadvantages of using methanol as a fuel, physical and chemical fuel properties of methanol and its comparison with other fuels, and engine performance and emissions characteristics of engines fueled with methanol and its various blends. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.