Electrical energy is the most fundamental elements of infrastructure and it is important for economic development and progress of any nation. As a result of population explosion and economic development, energy utilization has been increasing at a dramatically faster rate in India. The rapid growth of a nation's economy places heavy demand for electric power. A large portion of the electric demand is fulfilled by fossil fuel which discharges harmful gases in the atmosphere. In order to reduce greenhouse gas emission and to develop efficient and reliable ways to harness energy, renewable sources can be viewed as one of the best possible alternatives. The main aim of the power producers should be to develop smart and sustainable energy systems for the country. This paper documents the current status and potential of renewable energy in India along with role of private power producers. This paper also reviews the major operations and contribution of private power producers in the power sector. © 2019 IEEE.