Impact of check dam across Arani River, located north of Chennai, India was assessed based on the benefit acquired by the livelihood. Thirty eight persons were interviewed personally with a questioner divided into seven categories such as personal information, awareness about recharge structure, water quantity, water quality, agriculture and economic status. The results of the survey indicated that check dam at this location improved the livelihood of the people in this area. The respondents also suggested the need for maintenance of quality of water stored to prevent contamination of groundwater to obtain maximum benefit from this check dam. © 2016, Water and Energy International. All rights reserved.