Adenanthera pavonina is an important traditional plant with various medicinal properties which cures major human ailments. The present study was carried out to explore the antimicrobial as well as anticancer effect of seed and leaves extract of red wood plant. The seed and leaves methanolic extract exhibited efficacious antimicrobial and anticancer activity against various pathogens whereas acetone seed extract did not show any biological activity. The methanol extract has anticancer effect being effective against bone cancer cell line when compared with acetone extract. A. pavonia is known to produce anti-inflammatory drugs whereas this traditional plant is used for anticancer drugs as well which will be greater benefit to mankind. © RJPT All right reserved.