The environmental rules, regulations, and awareness have forced the growing industries to focus their view on biopolymers and composites. The biopolymers have emerged as an alternative resource for conventional polymers and plastics due to their favorable properties and adverse effects due to increase of the petroleum products. The poly(lactic acid), in short PLA, is one of the favorable biodegradable polymers which has fascinated the polymer scientists to transform the conventional petroleum-based polymers and plastics. The PLA nanocomposites have attracted more attention due to the combined advantage of their mechanical and physical properties. In this chapter, we highlight the current progresses in PLA nanocomposites, their properties, and their application from the renewable resources. © 2017 Scrivener Publishing LLC.