An intensive use of pesticides in agriculture has caused serious health and environmental problems. Various adsorbents and photocatalysts have been used for the remediation of pesticides from aqueous environment. In recent years, nanomaterials viz. nanocomposites and nano-biocomposites are playing a promising role towards the removal of pesticides. The present review focuses the updated information on pesticide removal using nanocomposites and nano-biocomposites through adsorption and photocatalytic degradation.