Some living organisms produce light, thus production of cold light by living organisms is called bioluminescence. Bioluminescence is emission of light as a result of a chemical reaction inside the living organism during the process chemical energy gets converted into light energy. It is a form of chemiluminescence. Bioluminescent organisms are found in marine and terrestrial environments. But bioluminescence is most prevalent in marine organisms. Marine bioluminescence is produced by incredible range of organisms. Bioluminescence producing living organisms produce light and utilize it for vital functions ranging from camouflage, illumination, mimicry, attracting prey, attracting mates, for protection and it may be most common form of communication on the planet. bioluminescence responsible genes are not related in bacteria, algae, fishes, beetles and others because it has evolved independently many times. Bioluminescent organisms can be harnessed to produce natural light in the lamps that could light up our planet one day. In addition to that bioluminescent applications can be used to test extra-terrestrial life on other planets so bioluminescence has scope for many futuristic applications. While, bioluminescence research has offered many potential societal benefits in fields ranging from genetic engineering to medicine. By helping to reveal the evolutionary origins of bioluminescence, we can better know how other complex features arise in nature. So there is greater need study bioluminescence and the organisms producing bioluminescence. In this process scientists continue to discover more bioluminescent species. © RJPT All right reserved.