The contribution of the research is to study carbonation process of shell lime mortar on addition of organics. Lime mortar of binder to aggregate ratio 1:3 with addition of Kadukkai (Terminalia Chebula), Jaggery (Unrefined sugar) and combined Kadukkai and Jaggery, in an amount of 1Â kg, 3Â kg and 0.5Â kgÂ +Â 1.5Â kg respectively per 10Â L of water have been used, where the influence of organics towards development of strength and durability is well identified to suggest the use in lime construction. Traditional phenolphthalein test was conducted to measure the carbonation depth and thermo gravimetric analysis with differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA) was used to verify the degree of carbonation and carbonation profile of lime mortar specimen. On fermentation, the organics reduce to carbon-di-oxide within the mortar, altering the hydrated phases and also resulting in more formation of load bearing forms of calcite (calcium carbonate). XRD results interpret the hydrated phases such as Calcite, Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate (CSH) and Calcium-Aluminate-Hydrate (CAH) of the organic modified mortars under carbonation and it is in confirmation with TGA. © 2019, RILEM.

Simon J

Department of Structural and Geotechical Engineering

School of Civil Engineering

Vellore Campus

Thirumalini S

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Study on Carbonation Initiated by Organics in Traditional Lime Mortar

RILEM Bookseries Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions

Influence of organic addition in the lime matrix on its mechanical and physical properties has been investigated. Results revealed that addition of organics in the lime matrix enhances the mechanical properties of the mortar significantly as it improves the binding strength between two consecutive lime particle in the mortar. Physical property results reveal loading of organics in the lime mortar decreases the pore size due to formation of weddellite element in the lime mortar, which fills the gap between two consecutive lime particle in the mortar. Results also reveal that the addition of organics does not reducing total porosity due to formation of large numbers of smaller size pores in the lime mortar. However, addition of organics enhances the strength of mortar. Curing studies reveal that mortar with higher curing days enhances the compressive strength of composites while lower curing reduces the performance of mortar due to lower carbonation rate. X-ray diffraction and FT-IR analysis has been used to confirm the new element formation in the organically modified lime mortar due to interaction of protein and carbohydrate with lime particle. © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS

Journal of Cultural Heritage

Experimental investigation on physical and mechanical properties of lime mortar: Effect of organic addition

In the present study, lime mortar samples from the restoration site of Vadakumnathan temple, Kerala, India have been analyzed. Samples from three different locations of the temple such as ancient wall, gopuram and arch have been taken. Traditional methods such as chemical analysis, acid loss analysis and organic test were conducted on mortar samples. Modern instrumental techniques such as electronic particle size distribution, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX), Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA) and Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) were employed in the study. The binder used in the mortar is calcium high with 30% of clay mineral. A binder to aggregate ratio in the range of 1:1.5-2.5 has been established from acid loss analysis. Particle of the aggregate are mostly silt in nature, hence nominal sand would have been grinded to reduce the particle size and to induce pozzolanic reaction. The presence of carbohydrate, protein and fats are identified by organic test that are in agreement with FT-IR analysis and TGA. Calcite, aragonite and calcium complexes of silicate and aluminates in form of hydro thermal product namely gyrolite and okenite are present in wall and gopuram samples. The formation of hydrothermal products confirms that the mortar was produced by hot lime technology. In TGA, the decomposition of CaCO3 to CO2 between 600 and 770 °C reveals the transformation of calcite from complex forms of CSH (gyrolite and okenite) and CAH. The presence of degraded products such as syngenite and gypsum in arch sample shows that the lime mortar is in complete deterioration where as mortar remained in good condition in gopuram and wall samples.Texture along with elemental analysis (EDX) confirms the results of chemical analysis. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

Journal of Building Engineering

Knowing from the past – Ingredients and technology of ancient mortar used in Vadakumnathan temple, Tirussur, Kerala, India

Lime and Lime Mortars

RILEM Bookseries

Historic Mortars

Construction and Building Materials

Traditional organic additives improve lime mortars: New old materials for restoration and building natural stone fabrics

Journal	Data powered by TypesetRILEM Bookseries Structural Analysis of Historical Constructions
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetSpringer International Publishing
ISSN	2211-0844
Open Access	0