Broadband internet access through the user equipment has become the hot research topic. The shadowing and multipath issues restrict the high performance nature of 4G cells. In Multi hop Relay (MHR) networks, Relay Stations (RS) are introduced to improve coverage and capacity of the system. There exist some issues like path selection and RSs deployment, which severely affects the Quality of Service (QoS) of the system. In this paper, to improve the QoS of MHR networks, Load Aware Routing Metric (LARM) based path selection and a low complex Burst Profile (BP) based RS deployment schemes are discussed. © 2015 The Authors.

Arulmozhivarman P

Department of Instrumentation

School of Electrical Engineering

Vellore Campus

Vinoth Babu K

Department of Communication Engineering

School of Electronics Engineering

Ramachandra Reddy G

Arthi M

Barath D.

Fulltext

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Procedia Computer Science

In recent years, green wireless communication has received much attention of industrial and academic communities due to its ability to create eco-friendly power efficient networks. To support anytime-anywhere seamless broadband services to all mobile subscribers, more number of macro base stations (BSs) have to be deployed. The macro BSs are power inefficient and also responsible for large carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The increase in the number of macro BSs will also increase the system cost and interference. The concept of multi-hop relay network has been widely discussed in long term evolution-advanced (LTE-A) standard, where the low power relay stations (RSs) are also deployed along with the macro BS to address the coverage and capacity issues. However, improper BS and RS deployment introduces power inefficiency, transmission delay, huge deployment cost and reduced throughput. Many of the conventional deployment schemes require iterative and complex computation. These deployment schemes are not eco-friendly and do not sustain for all channel conditions. In this work, we have proposed an eco-friendly, power-aware, fuzzy based BS and RS deployment algorithm to maximize the coverage and capacity of the system. Unlike the conventional methods, a new parameter called power consumption effectiveness ratio, which accounts for the greenness of the network is proposed and included in the fuzzy based decision making process along with the coverage ratio and traffic ratio. The simulation results prove that the proposed scheme is superior over the conventional uniform clustering and fuzzy based schemes. Further the proposed scheme is more suitable candidate for power-aware green radio communication. © 2016 Elsevier Inc.

Sustainable Computing: Informatics and Systems

Power-aware fuzzy based joint base station and relay station deployment scheme for green radio communication

Multi input multi output (MIMO) based multi-hop relay (MHR) networks has become one of the promising technologies in improving the quality of wireless links. The optimal antenna selection is one of the suitable solutions to overcome the limitations of MIMO scheme. To attain the full benefits of transmitter antenna selection schemes, perfect channel quality information (CQI) is required at the transmitter. The time varying channel and the feedback delay make CQI at the transmitter outdated and also affect the antenna selection process. In this work, we have derived the symbol error probability (SEP) of M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) for three different antenna selection schemes by considering the effect of delayed CQI. All these derived expressions are the function of correlation between CQI at the receiver and delayed CQI at the transmitter. The simulation results show that the antenna selection gain decreases with the decrease in correlation. It is also observed that scheme 1 based antenna selection is optimal for different constellations and more suited for MHR network. © 2016 Elsevier GmbH

AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Quality of service aware antenna selection scheme for multi-hop relay networks

The network capacity has to be maximized to support the ever-increasing data traffic demand. One of thepotential outcomes to enhance the network capacity is to enhance the spectral efficiency per unit area by expandingthe serving node densities. This is unreasonable on account of present Macro evolved node B (eNB) for which siteacquisition is expensive. The idea of heterogeneous network (HetNet) and multi-hop relay (MHR) are extremely prominentin long-term evolution (LTE) standard, where small cells are deployed along with Macro cell. Small cells aremore suitable solution for the coverage and traffic issues experienced by Macro cell users. Unfortunately, HetNetdeployment is not specified in any of the standards. The network operators have been managing tremendous investmentsfor cellular infrastructures. Because of the high cost and lack of radio resources, a precise and productive HetNetdeployment seems uttermost important. In this work, a flexible four-stage fuzzy logic-based HetNet deployment schemeis proposed, which deploys mix of Macro-eNB, Micro-eNB and relay station (RS) by considering capacity, coverage andcost factors. The proposed scheme identifies the required number of eNBs, their types and deployment locations tooffer the expected coverage in a cost-effective way. The simulation results demonstrate that our proposed scheme is moreflexible and offers improved performance in terms of system cost and power ratio than the conventional HetNet deploymentschemes. © 2016, King Fahd University of Petroleum &amp; Minerals.

Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering

A Flexible and Cost-Effective Heterogeneous Network Deployment Scheme for Beyond 4G

In 4G and beyond 4G cellular communication systems, multi-hop relay network (MHR) plays a vital role. Improper deployment of relay station (RS) in MHR network creates some severe issues. The conventional studies on RS deployment have not considered the practical issue of link overloading. In this paper, a two-phase, fuzzy based selection and deployment scheme for RSs is proposed by considering link overloading issue. The study also analyses the trade-off between deployment budget, network throughput and overall service coverage. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme performs better than the conventional scheme. © 2016 IEEE.

2016 International Conference on Communication and Signal Processing (ICCSP)

A novel fuzzy logic based relay station selection scheme for 4G cellular system

Optimum deployment of Relay Station (RS) is considered as the most important issue especially for the users near cell boundary. The Multi hop Relay (MHR) network introduces the RS for the purpose of extended coverage and increased throughput. The main objective of this work is to provide a better Quality of Service (QoS) with a minimum deployment cost. In this paper, we identify the candidate positions of RS that will achieve maximum system capacity. Based on the relay location, we propose two algorithms based on coverage and budget constraints. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithms achieved a reasonable coverage ratio within the budget constraint. © 2015 IEEE.

2015 International Conference on Communications and Signal Processing (ICCSP)

An efficient Relay Station deployment scheme based on the coverage and budget constraints in Multi-hop Relay networks

Computers & Electrical Engineering

A clustering deployment scheme for base stations and relay stations in multi-hop relay networks

Journal of Systems Architecture

Energy efficient path selection scheme for OFDMA-based two-hop cellular systems

LASER: A load-aware spectral-efficient routing metric for path selection in IEEE 802.16j multi-hop relay networks

Procedia Technology

Relay Node Placement for Multi-Path Connectivity in Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

LTE - The UMTS Long Term Evolution

Techniques to Enhance the Quality of Service of Multi Hop Relay Networks

Journal	Data powered by TypesetProcedia Computer Science
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetElsevier BV
ISSN	1877-0509
Open Access	Yes