The present paper attempts to examine the influence of Organizational structure and leadership effectiveness on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour in health and education sectors in India. The researcher in this paper considers the descriptive research methodology wherein a questionnaire based survey instrument is used for the collected of data from the participants of the research. Data is collected from 160 participants (80 from health sector and 80 from education sector) belonging health and education sectors in Chennai, India. Statistical techniques such as descriptive analysis, correlation and regression analysis were performed by the researcher to determine the relationship between variables considered in the research. There is a significant relationship between Organizational Structure, Leadership Effectiveness, and OCB of Indian Health and Education Sector Employees. Furthermore, the findings of the research revealed a positive relationship between the variables considered in the research which is a good sign that there is a need to improve leadership effectiveness and organizational structure of Indian health and educational organizations. However, an extensive research is warranted with additional variables, extensive sample size and different sectors to arrive at better consensus. © 2020 by Advance Scientific Research.