Precision agriculture (PA) is an interdisciplinary concept of integrating information technology in agriculture to increase the production and quality of the crops. One of the most important and interesting information of technology is Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). This technology is used to collect, monitor and analyse the data from the field of agriculture. This interdisciplinary technology will boost the crop productivity and maintain quality for example, monitoring the pest and disease control, animal tracking and strength of the crop. In this paper, we have surveyed the importance of sensor in PA and the importance of WSN technologies for remote monitoring in the various applications of the agriculture field. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

Ananda Kumar S

Department of Information Security

School of Computer Science and Engineering

Vellore Campus

Ilango P.

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Wireless Personal Communications

Wireless smart sensor networks (WSSNs) are emerging as the physical backbone of the internet of things (IoT) technology. On the basis of the IoT platform, web-based systems and services are been developing such as e-surveillance, industrial-IoT, and precision agriculture. For farmland monitoring systems, WSSNs need to be scalable in terms of coverage area. Sensor nodes are energy-constrained devices, and hence, many energy-efficient clustering protocols are developed in the literature. But these methods overload the cluster leaders (CLs) with cluster computation and data communication costs. An improper CL selection may lead to the early death of such nodes and hence does not prolong the network lifetime stability. We propose a fuzzy logic (FL)–based distributed clustering protocol to enhance the energy efficiency of WSSN while maximizing the coverage area. The load of CLs is shared by originators and super-CLs (SCLs) selected in the network. The wireless link and received signal strength (RSS) are greatly affected by environmental conditions and thus cannot be considered as ideal network parameters. We use FL systems to tackle the uncertainty of such network parameters. The proposed protocol is simulated for different scalable WSSNs. The results indicate that the proposed protocol provides better lifetime stability than the recent conventional protocols. The functionalities of the protocol are proposed considering the recent wireless standards. Hence, the proposed protocol can be suitably implemented for farmland monitoring systems. © 2019 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

International Journal of Communication Systems

Fuzzy logic-based distributed clustering protocol to improve energy efficiency and stability of wireless smart sensor networks for farmland monitoring systems

The world population is estimated to reach nine billion by 2050. Many challenges are adding pressure on the current agriculture supply chains that include shrinking land sizes, ever increasing demand for natural resources and environmental issues. The agriculture systems need a major transformation from the traditional practices to precision agriculture or smart farming practices to overcome these challenges. Geographic information system (GIS) is one such technology that pushes the current methods to precision agriculture. In this paper, we present a systematic literature review (SLR) of 120 research papers on various applications of big GIS analytics (BGA) in agriculture. The selected papers are classified into two broad categories; the level of analytics and GIS applications in agriculture. The GIS applications viz., land suitability, site search and selection, resource allocation, impact assessment, land allocation, and knowledge-based systems are considered in this study. The outcome of this study is a proposed BGA framework for agriculture supply chain. This framework identifies big data analytics to play a significant role in improving the quality of GIS application in agriculture and provides the researchers, practitioners, and policymakers with guidelines on the successful management of big GIS data for improved agricultural productivity.

Computers and Electronics in Agriculture

Big GIS analytics framework for agriculture supply chains: A literature review identifying the current trends and future perspectives

Biotechnology Reports

Nanotechnology: The new perspective in precision agriculture

Precision Agriculture

The effects of temporal and environmental factors on the urination behaviour of dairy cows using tracking and sensor technologies

Proceedings of the 5th International Confererence on Sensor Networks

Decentralized Gradient-based Field Motion Estimation with a Wireless Sensor Network

Application of the Kinect sensor for dynamic soil surface characterization

Wireless sensor networks for agriculture: The state-of-the-art in practice and future challenges

The Impact of Wireless Sensor Network in the Field of Precision Agriculture: A Review

Journal	Data powered by TypesetWireless Personal Communications
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetSpringer Science and Business Media LLC
ISSN	0929-6212
Open Access	0