Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Department of Energy and Power Electronics

Controlling the AC motor speed and torque changing voltage and frequency for electrical and mechanical system the adjustable speed drive system is required which is known as Variable Frequency Drive. The usage of VFD is gradually increasing every day. The 25% of the world's energy is consumed by the motor load for which the usage of VFD is responsible. The cost of VFD can be reduced and size also reduced to help the system more compatible within a very short span of space. It is based on semiconductor topologies, driver circuit, control circuit and both software and hardware devices are also used. Now power quality is the important role plays for the energy efficiency of the system. The researchers are working on various issues of power quality like voltage sag, swell, system unbalance etc. which are required to be analysed for the improvement of the efficiency of the system. In this research the VFD based induction motor faces various power quality issues which are described. The paper is concentrating on various power quality issues which affects the performance of VFD drives through various parameters. The various power quality parameters are predicted for the change in loadings with the help of MATLAB curve fitting tool. With different load variations voltage and current unbalance have been measured. The process has been done though experimental setup with the help of power quality analyser Fluke 302 and both the controller technique like VVC+ and V/F methods have been used. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

World University root node

School of Electrical Engineering

Vellore Campus

Fulltext

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

Experimental analysis of PQ parameter estimation of VFD drives

Our paper proposes an expedient design of a solar-powered hybrid electric vehicle for automation. An electric vehicle propels via a battery which has been stimulated by an external electric power supply. All contemporary electric vehicles proffer a drive on an extraneous AC power endowed motor. Contemplating those traditional setups where an inverter set is obligatory to be connected with the battery which in turn transforms the AC power to DC power. This alteration eventually results in considerable losses, besides the cost of maintenance of the AC system is steep. The proposed topology possesses the sovereign solar/electric power generation system mounted on the vehicle to energize the battery during all durations. The foremost functionality includes multi-charging via which vehicle can boost charge through both solar and electric power. A suitably coordinated network of battery, motor, battery management system along with maximum power point tracker which yields best results. Being cost-efficient, it serves the purpose of automation for a commoner. © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2020.

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

Design and real-time implementation of economical solar car for commercial applications

With the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources in the power system, the power electronic inverters are widely used to interface with the grid, which will reduce the inertia of the power system. This study proposes ancillary inertial service from single-phase rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) based inverter to the grid. The inertia emulation control technique transforms the behaviour of inverter like a synchronous generator under power imbalances. A hybrid energy storage system consisting of battery and supercapacitor (SC) has been connected at the DC bus to take care of the variability in PV output power and load fluctuations. The SC absorbs/injects the fast-varying power and provides the inertial response to arrest the frequency deviation and battery charges/discharges to bring back the frequency to the nominal value. Real-time simulation is carried out to test the system behaviour for different operating conditions using OPAL-RT 5700. © The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2020

IET Renewable Power Generation

Inertia emulation control technique based frequency control of grid-connected single-phase rooftop photovoltaic system with battery and supercapacitor

This paper presents a multilevel topology implemented to overcome losses, possessed with the aid of the current renewable energy harnessing techniques, thereby making it more dependable; and the efficient output strength goes with the flow to the grid. Multilevel inverters are used as they offer an extraordinary method in power digital interfacing. They additionally eliminate the cause of the transformer in the tool, thereby disposing off several transformer losses and the location of the setup. This can increase the efficiency of the output strength generated to the grid. The device implements a dc-to-dc enhanced converter to improve the output dc energy acquired from the renewable supply delivered. It additionally implements a flying capacitor which removes voltage spikes generated. This inverter also can be introduced properly into a PV cellular for additional extension. The whole harmonic distortion is measured, and the simulation outcomes are acquired additionally using fuzzy controller by way of a closed-loop system. © 2020, Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

VIT Unitversity

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing Soft Computing for Problem Solving

Renewable Energy Harnessing by Implementing a Three-Phase Multilevel Inverter with Fuzzy Controller

This paper presents the modelling and control of electric scooter driven by single-phase Induction motor drive. Single-phase induction motor is employed for this design due to lower cost and little maintenance, although a complex inverter is needed for the vehicle drive system. This paper proposes an integral sliding motor controller and pole placement controller to improve the overall performance of the electric scooter system. The stability of the system using the proposed control strategies are validated with and without disturbances. The proposed controller is validated through MATLAB simulations. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

Modelling and control of electric scooter driven by induction motor

The DC-DC converters operate extensively in a variety of industrial applications such as electric vehicles, renewable energy systems, aerospace applications, consumer electronics (smartphones, laptops, etc.) and energy storage solutions. The reliability of the DC-DC converters is of a greater significance. The research endeavours made in enhancing the reliability of the DC-DC converters are still very limited and dispersed. Due to the rapid growth in semiconductor technology, the DC-DC converters have an endless number of topologies, with various operating principles and functionalities. Enhancement of the reliability of all types of DC-DC converters is still a challenging task. Power switches are the most fragile components in converter circuits, which inherently fall prey to the faults occurring in the system. Hence, there is always a requirement to take appropriate remedial measures to deal with all kinds of faults. Further, in order to detect the occurrence of fault a fast faultdiagnosis and fault-tolerant strategies in the DC-DC converters is mandatory and the same has to be embedded in the converter for safety purpose. In view of the importance of the same, the fault-diagnostic algorithms and fault-tolerant strategies developed in the literature, by various researchers are furnished in a single document after conducting an exhaustive review. © The Institution of Engineering and Technology 2019.

IET Power Electronics

Review on fault-diagnosis and fault-tolerance for DC–DC converters

The work presented in this article proposes a new energy management algorithm for hybrid micro grids consisting of higher penetration of DC non-critical (NC) loads and renewable energy sources. The methodology suggested in this work is a rule based approach and tries to make the micro grids more autonomous. During generation deficits in the micro grids, the suggested control strategy proposes to make the hybrid micro grids self-dependent to a possible extent, without the incorporation of actual storage devices. Instead of using actual storage elements like the batteries or super capacitors, the projected approach uses virtual storage devices, like the DC electric springs for its functionality. The electric springs used in this work operate the DC NC loads in accordance with the voltage produced by the renewable sources, which in turn reduces the power import from the main grid during generation deficits in the micro grid. Further, the work presented in the due course only studies about the efficiency of the proposed algorithm by operating the DC NC loads as per the requirement, without intervening with the AC and DC critical loads operation. In order to test the robustness of the proposed methodology a scaled down hybrid micro grid is developed in the laboratory using dSPACE 1104 real time interface. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd

Department of Electrical Engineering

International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems

Experimental evaluation of the performance of virtual storage units in hybrid micro grids

Electricity has become a part of day to day life of the people. With the increase in population, electricity demand is also raised. The development of distribution systems (DSs), the optimal utilisation of shunt capacitor banks (SCBs) and distributed generators (DGs) in the DSs are heightened. In this paper, a methodology is proposed to allocate both DGs and SCBs simultaneously on the DS. The objectives are to minimise power loss, improving the voltage profile and voltage stability index (VSI) of the DS. First locations of DGs and SCBs are found out by loss sensitivity factor (LSF) technique. Next grasshopper optimisation algorithm (GOA) is used to determine the rating of these sources. The methodology is implemented on IEEE 33 and 69 bus test systems considering optimal allocation of multiple DGs without and with placement of capacitors. Finally, the results obtained by the proposed method are compared with GA/PSO and PSO methods. Copyright © 2020 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

International Journal of Energy Technology and Policy

Simultaneous allocation of multiple distributed generators and shunt capacitor banks in radial distribution systems using grasshopper optimisation algorithm

The substantial increase in new integration of wind power has required changes in grid codes to ensure grid security. Providing low voltage ride through (LVRT) protection helps to sustain the transient conditions without tripping and supports its recovery post-fault. The grid codes for LVRT capability in countries with substantial wind capacity are surveyed in this paper. The challenges that arise, endangering the grid security due to the non-implementation of these grid codes in the wind turbines (WT) which were pre-installed before the mandatory grid code was established is rarely a topic focused in literature. The LVRT capability requirement as per the wind turbine type classification is elucidated. The challenges due to enhancement and upgradation of technology include financial constraints for additional LVRT fittings, planning and renovation. Discussion and prognosis on the challenges provide direction for investigation and research. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd

International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems

An outlook on endangering grid security in India due to implementation challenges of low voltage ride through protection in wind turbines

The gradual increase in power generation from renewable energy sources (RES), results in a reduction in power system inertia. It adversely affects the stable operation of the microgrids that contains high penetration of RES. The frequency stability concerns caused by the penetration of RES in the grid-connected system is controlled by synchronous generator (SG). Whereas in the stand-alone microgrid, which entails of RES deteriorates the frequency stability under power imbalances. The emulated inertia control (EIC) technology used for the power electronic inverter mimics the inertia of SG. EIC provides an effective solution for power systems with low inertia. This paper analyses the performance of EIC applied to the stand-alone microgrid that comprises of RES only. The utilization of EIC in stand-alone microgrid successfully addresses the frequency stability issues under solar irradiation and load variations. Furthermore, the small-signal stability analysis of the EIC is performed to analyze the stability under parameter variation. The simulation analysis shows that the frequency response and DC bus voltage is regulated in sudden disturbances with EIC efficiently as compared with constant voltage constant frequency (CVCF). The proposed EIC strategy is tested and compared with CVCF using the hardware in the loop (HIL) simulation with the help of real-time simulator OP5700 to verify the feasibility. © 2020.