Fatigue is a major safety concern for personnel in many fields which includes aviation & military personnel, astronauts, drivers, doctors, industrial workers, computer users, etc. Assessing human fatigue is essential for enhancing capability of the individual at work, thereby accomplishing more work efficiency and also ensuring the safety of individual. The survey reviews the various techniques that have been used to measure and recognize the fatigue in a person. Experts in research community have investigated human fatigue using various features of the physiological signals. The several physiological signals like Blood Volume Pulse (BVP), Electromyogram (EMG), Galvanic Skin Response (GSR), Electrocardiogram (ECG), and Respiratory signals are investigated to detect the stress and fatigue of a person. It also discusses various classification techniques that have been used by researchers to identify the fatigue in a person. This work presents a comprehensive survey of fatigue and stress detection using various physiological signals. Furthermore, it also aims to find the most appropriate features and techniques to efficiently assess human stress and fatigue. © 2017 Published by Oriental Scientific Publishing Company.