Human Computer Interaction (HCI) technology characterizes an extremely developing area of research with application expert systems. HCI is used in many areas such as industrial design, personal information and interaction management. This paper describes how HCI design can be used in various technologies in order to achieve a certain performance. In this study, the concept of mutual understanding between the user, the machine and the existing approaches using lip movement, gesture recognition, gaze detection and voice recognition have been investigated. This paper also reviews how different types of electrophysiological signal based HCI (electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG) and electrooculography (EOG)) are designed for the same application. © 2015, International Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. All rights reserved.