Citrus fruits rich in flavonoids elicit their health benefits in prevention/management of metabolic disorders. This study explores the mechanism of naringenin (NG), a flavanone, as an antihyperglycemic and antilipidemic agent on high fat diet (HFD) fed streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. NG (25 mg/kg bw) treatment to diabetic rats for 45 days markedly reduced hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, restored lipid profile changes, decreased membrane lipid peroxidation; enhanced the activities of antioxidants and improved hepatic function markers. NG treatment also modulated the expressions of GLUT-4 and TNF-α and restored histological abnormalities in diabetic rats. NG supplementation potentially enhances insulin sensitivity that helps in rebuilding glucose homeostasis in diabetic rats. These findings suggest that NG could be used as a functional and nutraceutical ingredient in combating T2D. © 2015 Elsevier Ltd.

Kavitha Thirumurugan

Department of Bio-Sciences

School of Bio Sciences and Technology

Vellore Campus

Priscilla D.H

Jayakumar M

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Journal of Functional Foods

Obesity and the onset of diabetes are two closely linked medical complications prevalent globally. Postprandial hyperglycemia is one of the earliest abnormalities of glucose homeostasis associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Postprandial glucose levels can be regulated through α-glucosidase inhibition. The present study aims to demonstrate the potent inhibitory role of naringenin against α-glucosidase activity. The mode of inhibition of naringenin was examined by measuring enzyme activity in vitro with different concentrations of substrate using Lineweaver-Burk plot analysis. It shows competitive inhibition towards mammalian α-glucosidase thereby competing with α-limit dextrins and oligosaccharide residues for binding in the active site. Similar results have been obtained from the molecular docking analyses, where naringenin shows preferential binding for the active sites in each of the evaluated human intestinal α-glucosidase enzymes. Post-docking intramolecular hydrogen bonding analysis shows water molecule mediated hydrogen bonding for N-terminal maltase glucoamylase and N-terminal sucrase isomaltase. Naringenin's docked pose in the C-terminal maltase glucoamylase active site does not show any particular water mediated interaction similar to the co-crystallized acarbose. Further, our results suggest that naringenin (25 mg/kg) exerts significant inhibition of intestinal α-glucosidase activity in vivo thereby delaying the absorption of carbohydrates in T2D rats, thus resulting in significant lowering of postprandial blood glucose levels. Both in vitro and in vivo results were compared to the commercially available α-glucosidase inhibitor acarbose. Our findings clearly indicate that naringenin dampens postprandial glycemic response and offers a potential complementary approach in the management of T2D. © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Chemico-Biological Interactions

Naringenin inhibits α-glucosidase activity: A promising strategy for the regulation of postprandial hyperglycemia in high fat diet fed streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

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European Journal of Pharmacology

Naringenin reduces cholesterol-induced hepatic inflammation in rats by modulating matrix metalloproteinases-2, 9 via inhibition of nuclear factor κB pathway

Naringin prevents carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in mice

Fisetin, a dietary flavonoid, attenuates hyperammonemia and improves circadian locomotor deficits, redox balance, and astrocytic markers in rats

Flavanone naringenin: An effective antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic nutraceutical agent on high fat diet fed streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats

Journal	Data powered by TypesetJournal of Functional Foods
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetElsevier BV
ISSN	1756-4646
Open Access	0