Objective of the present study was to determine whether cardiovascular measures and task performance differ in listening to pleasant and unpleasant music. Ten healthy adults participated in this study. Cardiovascular measures like heart rate, respiratory rate, mean arterial pressure and oxygen saturation of the participants were measured during silence and listening to pleasant and unpleasant music either with or without task performance. The task performance were determined by calculating the errors of commission and omission for Go and No-Go trials. The heart rate, respiratory rate and mean arterial pressure were significantly (p<0.05) higher while listening to unpleasant music when compared to pleasant music. The error of omission was significantly (p=0.008) high for unpleasant music with task performance. The error of commission was found to be significantly (p<0.05) high for unpleasant music with task performance as compared to listening pleasant music and silence. Performance on the task was better following the pleasant music than the silence. The result showed that listening to unpleasant music increased the cardiovascular measures resulting in the reduction in task performance. The individuals who listened to pleasant music have improved some aspects of task performance than performing task in control condition. Copyright © 2016 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.