Nickel-doped indium oxide diluted magnetic semiconducting powders ((In 1-xNix)2O3, x=0.00, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07 and 0.09) were synthesized by a simple solid state reaction followed by vacuum annealing. Structural, optical and magnetic properties of (In 1-xNix)2O3 powders were studied as a function of doped Ni concentration. X-ray diffraction confirmed polycrystalline cubic structures. Decrease in optical band gap from 3.07 eV to 2.99 eV was observed when dopant concentration of Ni was increased from x=0.03 to x=0.07. Vibrating sample magnetometer measurements confirmed that all (In 1-xNix)2O3 powders were ferromagnetic at room temperature. © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Shaik Kaleemulla

Department of Physics

School of Advanced Sciences

Vellore Campus

Kuppan P

Department of Manufacturing Engineering

School of Mechanical Engineering

Sai Krishna N

Amarendra G

Madhusudhana Rao N

Rigana Begam M

Sreekantha Reddy D.

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing

Fe-substituted NiO nanoparticles (Ni1−xFexO2) (x= 0.00, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, and 0.09) were synthesised using ball-milling method followed by vacuum sintering and studied for their microstructural and magnetic properties. All the samples show a cubic structure with a crystallite size of 17–26 nm. Secondary phases related to Fe2O3 were identified from XRD, indicating that the observed ferromagnetism may be due to the dopants. The doping of Fe ions does not cause any significant variation in the crystal structure. The pure NiO nanoparticles were weak ferromagnetic in nature, and Fe-doped NiO nanoparticles exhibit room temperature ferromagnetism. The strength of magnetization increased from 0.57 to 0.94 emu/g with an increase of Fe concentration from 3 to 7 at.%, respectively. A high coercive field of 173 Oe was observed for the Ni1−xFexO2 nanoparticles at x= 0.09. The results and the process of development of ferromagnetism at room temperature in the Ni1−xFexO2 nanoparticles were presented and discussed in detail. © 2018, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism

Effect of Fe Substitution on Microstructure and Magnetic Properties of Ni1−xFexO2 Nanoparticles

Nickel doped indium oxide thin films (In 1-x Ni x ) 2 0O 3 at x = 0.00, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.07 were deposited onto glass substrates by electron beam evaporation technique. The deposited thin films were subjected to annealing in air at 250 °C, 350 °C and 450 °C for 2 h using high temperature furnace. A set of films were vacuum annealed at 450 °C to study the role of oxygen on magnetic properties of the (In 1-x Ni x ) 2 O 3 thin films. The thin films were subjected to different characterization techniques to study their structural, chemical, surface, optical and magnetic properties. All the synthesized air annealed and vacuum annealed films exhibit body centered cubic structure without any secondary phases. No significant change in the diffraction peak position, either to lower or higher diffraction angles has been observed. The band gap of the films decreased from 3.73 eV to 3.63 eV with increase of annealing temperature from 250 °C to 450 °C, in the presence of air. From a slight decrease in strength of magnetization to a complete disappearance of hysteresis loop has been observed in pure In 2 O 3 thin films with increasing the annealing temperature from 250 °C to 450 °C, in the presence of air. The (In 1-x Ni x ) 2 O 3 thin films annealed under vacuum follow a trend of enhancement in the strength of magnetization to increase in temperature from 250 °C to 450 °C. The hysteresis loop does not disappear at 450 °C in (In 1-x Ni x ) 2 O 3 thin films, as observed in the case of pure In 2 O 3 thin films. © 2017 IACS.

Indian Journal of Physics

Oxygen vacancy induced room temperature ferromagnetism in (In1−xNix)2O3 thin films

The optical and electrical properties are the two important dimensions of Indium oxide and its derivatives (indium tin oxide) and were well studied to understand the origin of wide electronic band gap and high electrical conductivity at room temperature. In2O3 and its derivatives find many applications in electronic and optoelectronic domains based on the above properties. The recent discovery of ferromagnetism in In2O3 at room temperature become a third dimension and lead to intensive research on enhancement of ferromagnetic strength by various means such as dopants and synthesis protocols and extrinsic parameters. The research lead to enormous experimental data and theoretical models proliferation over the past one decade with diverse insights into the origin of ferromagnetism in In2O3 based dilute magnetic semiconductors. The experimental data and theoretical models of ferromagnetism in In2O3 has been thoroughly surveyed in the literature and compiled all the data and presented for easy of understanding in this review. We have identified best chemical composition, geometry and synthesis protocols for strongest ferromagnetic strength and suitable theoretical model of magnetism has been presented in this review. © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

Indium oxide: A transparent, conducting ferromagnetic semiconductor for spintronic applications

ITO (In0.95Sn0.05)2O3 and Fe doped ITO (In0.90Sn0.05Fe0.05)2O3 nanoparticles were synthesized using standard solid state reaction and characterized by XRD, Raman and FT-IR studies, UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer and vibrating sample magnetometer for structural, optical and magnetic properties.The XRD patterns revealed the formation of nanocrystalline particles with cubic bixbyte crystal structure. The Raman spectra show that the nanoparticles are free of secondary crystalline phase.From FT-IR studies it was found that the bonds observed were due to In2O3 and no new peaks were found in FT-IR spectra. This clearly indicatesthat Fe ions are incorporate into the host In2O3 structure and does not alter the crystal structure of In2O3 host material. The undoped ITO nanoparticles exhibited room temperature ferromagnetism with clear hysteresis curve having coercive field of 683 G whereas the same ITO nanoparticles exhibited coercive field of 150 G at 100 K. © 2016 Author(s).

AIP Conference Proceedings

Raman and FT-IR studies of (In0.90Sn0.05Fe0.05)2O3 nanoparticles

ITO (In0.95Sn0.05)2O3 and Ni doped ITO (In0.90Sn0.05Ni0.05)2O3 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by solid state reaction method and subjected to study their structural, optical and magnetic properties. The NPs had a size distribution in the range of 40 nm and were identified as the bcc cubic In2O3 by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Optical properties of the samples were studies using UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer. Magnetic measurements were carried out at room temperature and at 100 K using vibrating sample magnetometer and found that the ITO nanoparticles were ferromagnetic in nature at room temperature. The strength of the magnetization decreased in ITO nanoparticles when the magnetic measurements carried out at 100 K. © 2016 Author(s).

Fulltext

Synthesis and characterizations of (In0.90Sn0.05Ni0.05)2O3 nanoparticles using solid state reaction method

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms

Investigation of magnetism in Fe and Cu ion implanted indium oxide films

Optical, electrical and sensing properties of In2O3 nanoparticles

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Oxygen Vacancy Induced Band-Gap Narrowing and Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity of ZnO

Characterization of ZnO:Co particles prepared by hydrothermal method for room temperature magnetism

The correlation between structure and magnetism of Ni-implanted TiO2 annealed at different temperatures

Structural, optical and magnetic properties of (In1−xNix)2O3 (0≤x≤0.09) powders synthesized by solid state reaction

Journal	Data powered by TypesetMaterials Science in Semiconductor Processing
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetElsevier BV
ISSN	1369-8001
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