Cubic structured indium-tin-oxide (ITO) and copper-doped ITO nanoparticles were synthesized by solid state reaction. The structure, morphology, chemical, magnetic, and photoluminescence properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were studied by x-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometry, and photoluminescence spectrophotometry, respectively. Magnetic studies confirmed that the ITO nanoparticles were ferromagnetic at room temperature (300 K) and at 100 K, and it was believed that the observed ferromagnetism may be due to oxygen vacancies and defects present in the system. No hysteresis loop was observed in copper-doped ITO nanoparticles at room temperature and 100 K. The ITO and Cu-doped ITO nanoparticles exhibited two broad emission peaks in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum. © 2016, The Minerals, Metals &amp; Materials Society.

Shaik Kaleemulla

Department of Physics

School of Advanced Sciences

Vellore Campus

Krishnamoorthi C

Babu S.H

Rao N.M

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Journal of Electronic Materials

Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials

Effect of doping concentration, temperature and magnetic field on magnetic properties of Mn doped ITO nanoparticles and thin films

Nickel doped indium oxide thin films (In 1-x Ni x ) 2 0O 3 at x = 0.00, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.07 were deposited onto glass substrates by electron beam evaporation technique. The deposited thin films were subjected to annealing in air at 250 °C, 350 °C and 450 °C for 2 h using high temperature furnace. A set of films were vacuum annealed at 450 °C to study the role of oxygen on magnetic properties of the (In 1-x Ni x ) 2 O 3 thin films. The thin films were subjected to different characterization techniques to study their structural, chemical, surface, optical and magnetic properties. All the synthesized air annealed and vacuum annealed films exhibit body centered cubic structure without any secondary phases. No significant change in the diffraction peak position, either to lower or higher diffraction angles has been observed. The band gap of the films decreased from 3.73 eV to 3.63 eV with increase of annealing temperature from 250 °C to 450 °C, in the presence of air. From a slight decrease in strength of magnetization to a complete disappearance of hysteresis loop has been observed in pure In 2 O 3 thin films with increasing the annealing temperature from 250 °C to 450 °C, in the presence of air. The (In 1-x Ni x ) 2 O 3 thin films annealed under vacuum follow a trend of enhancement in the strength of magnetization to increase in temperature from 250 °C to 450 °C. The hysteresis loop does not disappear at 450 °C in (In 1-x Ni x ) 2 O 3 thin films, as observed in the case of pure In 2 O 3 thin films. © 2017 IACS.

Indian Journal of Physics

Oxygen vacancy induced room temperature ferromagnetism in (In1−xNix)2O3 thin films

Optik

Effect of Fe substitution on optical and magnetic properties of CeO2 nanoparticles

(In0.95Sn0.05)2O3 and (In0.90Cu0.05Sn0.05)2O3 thin films were coated onto glass substrate by electron beam evaporation technique. The structural and optical properties of ITO and Cu doped ITO thin films have been studied by X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer. The crystallite size obtained for ITO and Cu doped ITO thin films was in the range of 24 nm to 22 nm. The optical band gap of 4 eV for ITO thin film sample has been observed. The optical band gap decreases to 3.85 eV by doping Cu in ITO. © 2018 Author(s).

AIP Conference Proceedings

Structural and optical properties of ITO and Cu doped ITO thin films

The iron (Fe) and tin (Sn) co-doped indium oxide (In2O3) nanoparticles at different Fe doping concentrations were prepared by solid state reaction and studied for their structural, optical and magnetic properties. The XRD patterns confirmed the cubic structure of all the undoped and co-doped samples. The average crystallite size decreased on increasing from 41 to 32 nm by increase of Fe doping concentration from 5 to 15 at.%. The optical band gap of the samples was found to decrease from 2.89 to 2.77 eV by increasing the Fe dopant concentration. The magnetic properties of the nanoparticles were studied using vibrating sample magnetometer at room temperature and at 100 K by applying the field ±75,000 Oe perpendicular to the sample. The magnetization increased with increase of applied magnetic field and no saturation was observed in all the samples. The similar behavior was observed for the nanoparticles studied at 100 K. © 2017, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics

Synthesis and magnetic properties of (Fe, Sn) co-doped In2O3 nanoparticles

The (In1−xCrx)2O3 powders as well as thin films of x = 0.03, 0.05 and 0.07 were synthesized using a solid state reaction and an electron beam evaporation technique (on glass substrate), respectively. The influence of Cr doping concentration on structural, optical and magnetic properties of the In2O3 samples was systematically studied. The X-ray diffraction results confirmed that all the Cr doped In2O3 samples exist cubic structure of In2O3 without any secondary phases presence. The chemical composition analyses showed that all the Cr doped In2O3 compounds were nearly stoichiometric. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of the Cr doped In2O3 thin films showed an increase of oxygen vacancies with Cr concentration and the existence of Cr as Cr3+ state in the host In2O3 lattice. A small blue shift in the optical band gap was observed in the powder compounds, when the dopant concentration increased from x = 0.03 to x = 0.07. In thin films, the band gap found to increase from 3.63 to 3.74 eV, with an increase of Cr concentration. The magnetic measurements show that the undoped In2O3 bulk powder sample has the diamagnetic property at room temperature. And a trace of paramagnetism was observed in Cr doped In2O3 powders. However (In1−xCrx)2O3 thin films (x = 0.00, 0.03, 0.05 and 0.07) samples shows soft ferromagnetism. The observed ferromagnetism in thin films are attributed to oxygen vacancies created during film prepared in vacuum conditions. The ferromagnetic exchange interactions are established between metal cations via free electrons trapped in oxygen vacancies (F-centers). © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York.

Structural, optical and magnetic properties of Cr doped In2O3 powders and thin films

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

Optical and electrical properties of ITO thin films sputtered on flexible FEP substrate as passive thermal control system for space applications

Vacuum

Improvement of optical and electrical properties of ITO thin films by electro-annealing

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

An Indium Tin Oxide-Free Polymer Solar Cell on Flexible Glass

Origin of unexpected defect engineered room-temperature ferromagnetism observed in tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) nanostructures (Nanowires, Nano-combs) and nanocrystalline thin films fabricated by pulsed laser deposition has been investigated. It is found that the ITO nanostructures prepared under argon environment exhibit strongest ferromagnetic signature as compared to that nanocrystalline thin films grown at oxygen. The evidence of singly ionized oxygen vacancy (V0 +) defects, obtained from various spectroscopic measurements, suggests that such V0 + defects are mainly responsible for the intrinsic ferromagnetic ordering. The exchange interaction of the defects provides extensive opportunity to tune the room-temperature d0 ferromagnetism and optical properties of ITOs. © 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.

Fulltext

Journal of Applied Physics

Defect engineered d 0 ferromagnetism in tin-doped indium oxide nanostructures and nanocrystalline thin-films

Studies on Ferromagnetic and Photoluminescence Properties of ITO and Cu-Doped ITO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Solid State Reaction

Journal	Data powered by TypesetJournal of Electronic Materials
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ISSN	0361-5235
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