Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

The present experimental work is a study of the impact of ambient air temperature and the injection timing of diesel fuel on reduction of engine-out emissions of DI diesel engine, operating under the influence of oxygen enriched hydrogen gas. Here the oxygen enriched hydrogen gas was produced by the process of water electrolysis. The produced gas was aspirated into the combustion process of petroleum diesel along with intake air at the flow rate of 4.6 lpm. The results showed that the fuel consumption got decreased and simultaneously, engine-out emissions came down by the addition of oxygen enriched hydrogen gas. When the ambient air temperature was increased to 35°C, and with retarded injection timing of 19°BTDC, the brake specific energy consumption of the test engine got decreased by 10.59%, unburned hydrocarbon emission by 15.15%, and the NOX emissions by 7.62%. Copyright © 2015 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

Department of Automotive Engineering

School of Mechanical Engineering

Vellore Campus

World University root node

International Journal of Oil, Gas and Coal Technology

Impact of ambient air temperature and injection timing on reduction of engine out emissions of DI diesel engine operating under the influence of oxygen enriched hydrogen gas

The aim of this experimental work, is to compare the performance and emission characteristics of emulsified fuel in the conventional engine. A single cylinder direct injection diesel engine has been used for this investigation. Diesel water emulsion has been chosen as the test fuel and diesel has been considered as the reference fuel. As the diesel and water are immiscible, surfactants have been used to form a homogeneous mixture called emulsion. The surfactants used are span 80 and tween 80. Water has been mixed for the proportions of 5%, 10%, and 15% by volume with diesel. For all the emulsions, 1% of surfactant has been used. It was found that the brake thermal efficiency was almost close to diesel and simultaneous reduction of smoke and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emission. Suggested scope for this experimental investigation might be an endurance test and fuel additives to increase the calorific value. © 2015 Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences.

Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences

Effect of emulsified fuel on performance and emission characteristics in DI diesel engine

Biodiesel would be a futuristic alternative for compression ignition engines because of its environmental benefits and the source being renewable. Jatropha, Pongamia pinnata, Mahua, cotton seed are the oils being tested by the researchers. In this experimental investigation Adelfa biodiesel (Nerium Oil Methyl Ester – NOME) has been used as the test fuel. The most common method of production of biodiesel is by transesterification. In most of the researches, suggested biodiesel blend was 20% by volume with petroleum diesel. Though biodiesel fuel show an appreciable results on performance and few emission parameters, the penalty being the elevated oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emission. This problem persists in almost all the biodiesel blends. In this experimental research, Di ethyl ether (DEE) has been used as a fuel additive (20% Adelfa by volume with diesel + DEE) focusing on reducing emission and improving efficiency. Comparison between diesel, A20 and A20 + DEE with various proportions has been analyzed. Measured quantities were within the range of prescribed emission standards. © 2012 The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi. All rights reserved.

Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research

Adelfa (NOME – Nerium Oil Methyl Ester) with DEE as the fuel additive for Nox reduction in DI diesel engines – An experimental investigation

Biodiesel fuel is found to be a promising alternative for the petroleum diesel based on the results published by the researchers for a decade. Biodiesel fuel is renewable and non degradable fuel. Many countries use biodiesel fuel for automotives to meet the crisis due to the depletion of the petroleum fuel and to meet the stringent emission norms. Various researches have been carried out with different biodiesel fuels with vegetable oil as the source and appreciable results were reported. Few biodiesel fuels which have been already tested are Jatropha, Pongamia, Mahua, neem, cotton seed, etc. In this experimental work, Adelfa biodiesel blend is used as the test fuel. The emission and performance characteristics were compared with three other different biodiesel fuel blends. Appreciable results imply that Adelfa biodiesel (Nerium oil methyl ester) can be a futuristic biodiesel fuel, which has a good compatibility with the direct injection (DI) diesel engine without any major modification. Moreover, Adelfa can be cultivated in a non agricultural land with fewer sources of water. It is widely spread over all major countries of Asia. Experimental investigations have been carried out on a single cylinder DI diesel engine with standard engine specifications. In this experimental work, various Adelfa biodiesel blends is compared with reference fuel (diesel) to choose the best blend which gives a closer performance to diesel. The comparative analysis with other biodiesel fuels has also been done and results have been discussed. © 2014 Science China Press and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.

Chinese Science Bulletin

Adelfa: A futuristic biodiesel fuel for DI diesel engines: A comparative experimental investigation

Nowadays, more researches focus on protecting the environment. Present investigation concern with the effectiveness of oxygen enriched hydrogen-HHO gas addition on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a direct injection diesel engine. Here the oxygen enriched hydrogen-HHO gas was produced by the process of water electrolysis. When potential difference is applied across the anode and cathode electrodes of the electrolyzer, water is transmuted into oxygen enriched hydrogen-HHO gas. The produced gas was aspirated into the cylinder along with intake air at the flow rates of 1 lpm and 3.3 lpm. The results show that when oxygen enriched hydrogen-HHO gas was inducted, the brake thermal efficiency of the engine increased by 11.06%, carbon monoxide decreased by 15.38%, unburned hydrocarbon decreased by 18.18%, carbon dioxide increased by 6.06%, however, the NOx emission increased by 11.19%.

Fulltext

Thermal Science

Effectiveness of oxygen enriched hydrogen-hho gas addition on direct injection diesel engine performance, emission and combustion characteristics

Increase in air pollution due to automotives is an important problem worldwide. Present experimental work concerns with the influence of inlet air temperature along with oxygen enriched hydrogen gas on reduction of exhaust emission and increasing the fuel economy of a DI diesel engine. Here, the oxygen enriched hydrogen gas was produced by the process of water electrolysis. When the potential difference is applied across the anode and the cathode electrodes of the electrolyzer, water is transmuted into oxygen enriched hydrogen gas. The produced gas was aspirated into the combustion process of petroleum diesel along with intake air at the flow rate of 4.6 liters per minute (lpm). The results are very promising. The fuel economy enhanced and simultaneously engine exhaust emissions by the addition of oxygen enriched hydrogen gas with change in inlet air charge temperature. In this investigation inlet air temperature was changed from normal operating temperature of 30°C to 35°C and 25°C. When the flow rate of the gas mixture was 4.6 lpm with increased inlet air charge temperature of 35°C, brake specific energy consumption of the test engine got decreased from 14.8 MJ/kWh to 12.72 MJ/kWh, by a decrease of 14.06%, and unburned hydrocarbon emission from 66 ppm to 51 ppm, by a decrease of 22.73%. Smoke emission reduced substantially from 42 HSU to 29 HSU, by a reduction of 30.95%. However; the NOX emission got increased from 420 ppm to 496 ppm, i.e., by 18.1%. © Shiraz University.

Iranian Journal of Science and Technology - Transactions of Mechanical Engineering

Significance of inlet air temperature on reducing engine-out emissions of DI diesel engine operating under the influence of oxygen enriched hydrogen gas

The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of mixing water with diesel to make an emulsified fuel considering the needs for the vehicle performance and its cleanest possible operation. The test fuels chosen for the investigation are termed Emulsion 1 (EM1) and Emulsion 2 (EM2). EM1 is prepared in the ratio of 91/8/1 which represents 91% diesel, 8% water, 0.5% surfactant (Span 20), and 0.5% cosurfactant (Tween 20) with continuous stirring. EM2 has a composition of 94% diesel, 5% water, 0.5% Span 20, and 0.5% Tween 20. The stability of the emulsified fuel is checked for 8 hours. The performance and emission characteristics of EM1 and EM2 are compared with diesel fuel. The emission parameters such as hydrocarbon emission, carbon monoxide (CO) emission, smoke opacity, and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emission have been measured. To compare the difference in performance characteristics between diesel fuel and emulsified fuel, brake thermal efficiency has been taken into account as a measure. Appreciable reductions of emission parameters have been obtained, and hence the investigation assures that this research could be further extended to biodiesel fuel as it produces more NOx than diesel fuel. © 2013 Pradeep Kumar Arokiasamy Remigious et al.

Journal of Chemistry

An experimental investigation into chosen parameters of diesel-water emulsion on combustion processes

The present investigation related with the enhancing of combustion phenomena of DI diesel using Oxygen Enriched Hydrogen Gas. Here the Oxygen enriched hydrogen gas was produced by the process of electrochemical reaction-electrolysis. The produced gas was aspirated into the combustion process of mineral diesel along with intake air, at the flow rate of 4.6 lpm. The results show that the fuel consumption gets decreased and simultaneously, engine-out pollutants come down by the addition of Oxygen enriched hydrogen gas with warm diesel fuel induction. When, the diesel fuel temperature was increased from 25°C to 35°C, total fuel consumption of the test engine decreased by 15.76%, unburned hydrocarbon emission decreased by 25.76%, smoke emission decreased by 33.33% and the NOx emission increased by 19.52%.

International Journal of ChemTech Research

Effect of addition of Oxygen enriched hydrogen gas produces by electrochemical reaction in the reduction of pollutants coming out from a DI diesel engine

Diesel Engines are dominating in transportation and agricultural machinery due to its fuel economy and cost effectiveness. Recent survey reveals that the diesel fuel consumption is several times higher than that of gasoline fuel. A suitable alternative fuel for diesel fuel is methyl ester made of vegetable oils. Direct use of this fuel without any modification in diesel engines lead to poor performance and causes some damages on the parts of the engine. Diesel engines reject about two thirds of heat energy of the fuel, one third to the coolant, one third to exhaust leaving only about one third as useful power output. In order to retain the heat produced during combustion thermal barrier coated engines were preferred for bio diesel. The low heat rejection (LHR) engines were developed with uniform ceramic coating of combustion chamber piston crown, cylinder head valves by Partially Stabilised Zirconia (PSZ) of 0.5 mm thickness. Use of biodiesel as fuel in the conventional DI diesel engine results in combustion problems in order to avoid that engines with thermal barrier coatings, which are known as Low heat rejection engines are preferred for biodiesel. The experimental investigation was carried with diesel and bio diesel in uncoated and coated engine and performance parameters were compared. © 2012 Pillay Engineering College.