Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Corrosion is one of the main factors which effect the life of reinforced concrete structures. The cross-sectional area of the rebar embedded in the concrete will be reduced during the process of corrosion which result in the degradation of structure. Reducing the w/c ratio, adding different pozzolanic materials and coating of rebars are the effective methods to prevent the corrosion of steel and also to improve the mechanical characteristics of the materials. In the present study, high strength concrete is developed for the w/c ratio’s 0.25,0.3 and 0.35. It is aimed to detect the corrosion potential, corrosion rate and electrical resistance of steel rebar embedded in the high strength concrete for different water-cement ratio cylinder samples by using half-cell potential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS). The obtained results reveal the vital role of w/c ratio. With increase in w/c from 0.25 to 0.35 the corrosion rate, corrosion potential increased and electrical resistance decreased. © 2020 University of Manchester and the authors.

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Civil

School of Civil Engineering

Chennai Campus

Journal of Corrosion Science and Engineering

Effect of w/c ratio on the corrosion of rebar embedded in high strength concrete

The demand for cement concrete usage for modern building construction is increasing gradually. The raw materials available naturally for the manufacture of cement is degrading and the main drawback in the manufacture of cement is the release of carbon dioxide gas in excess into the atmosphere in order to overcome this, an incidential product from industry act as an alternative binder namely Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), metakaolin, flyash, silica fume certainly untilized. Concrete made up of flyash or GGBS is called geopolymer concrete. These binders vary in chemical properties, which influence the compressive strength, so the forecasting is needed to determine the compressive strength. This paper’s primarily focus is to present an integrated approach for forecasting compressive strength of GGBS based sustainable geopolymer concrete by using machine techniques via Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Flyash, GGBS, Al/Bi, SS/SH, Molarity, CA, FA, SP, water are taken in variables and the compressive strength is the yield value; to train the network feed-forward and back-propagation algorithm is adopted. The developed ANN model predicts the compressive strength with a correlation coefficient values of 0.947-0.977, with the acceptable mean relative error. The average percentage errors are found to be as 0.574 % for 7 days and 0.946 % for 28 days of compressive strength by using mean absolute percentage error, root means square error. The developed model is found to be capable of forecasting the compressive strength of sustainable geopolymer concrete mixed with GGBS binder with a limited number of available data. © 2020 Alpha Publishers. All rights reserved.

Journal of Green Engineering

Forecasting compressive strength of ambient cured GGBS based sustainable geopolymer concrete by ML technique

Nowadays many techniques have been developed to make buildings taller and more efficient. Moreover, if unsymmetrical tall buildings are considered, the stability of structure plays a vital role and these are majorly effected by the lateral loads like wind and earthquake. In order to resist from lateral loads, different structural systems have been followed practically like bracing system, outrigger system, dia grid, hexa grid systems. This paper deals with the use of outrigger system for unsymmetrical tall building of 30 storey and its Comparision with the same building without outrigger system. This paper also emphases on determining the exact position of outrigger in tall buildings. Also, in the second case, keeping the height of the building same as that of the conventional building the floor areas are increased by reducing the number of interior columns with and without outrigger system and the stability is checked. The results reveal the ideal position of outrigger at top position and other at 0.5 times the height of the building. and with the use of outrigger system the displacement is reduced to 26.69% which improves the stiffness and efficiency of unsymmetrical building. © IJSTR 2020.

International Journal of Scientific and Technology Research

Ideal location of outrigger system and its efficiency for unsymmetrical tall buildings under lateral loadings

Concrete infilled steel tubular section (CFST) is a composite column used for modern construction. CFST column system is the most successful system, and the confinement of concrete by steel tubular sections enhances in core’s strength. In recent scenario, stainless steel has been popular and widely used in many modern structural applications owing to their anti-corrosion resistance, durability, good in appearance and easy in maintenance. Stainless steel is quite expensive. To reduce the cost significantly stainless steel tube filled with concrete that is, concrete filled steel tubular (CFSST) is used and it is referred as composite material system. This composite material system has a wide application in column made up of concrete, to provide a better performance in terms of strength, stiffness, ductility and seismic resistance. Compare to all other composite material system. This paper discuss about the different types of stainless steel tubular sections, shapes used for stub column under axial loading, strength enhancement and the different modes of failures both experimentally &amp; analytically of stub column. © BEIESP.

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology

Confinement of concrete by stainless steel tubular sections – A review

In recent year significant research has been carried out for seismic protection techniques for various types of building. Turbo generator building which is the important part of power plant structures falls under category of special industrial building and are irregular in plan with complex frames, presents many problem during analysis of earthquake forces. The turbo-generator building is considered to be vulnerable to earthquake forces needs to be protected. In this research, nonlinear time history analysis of turbo generator building has carried out with fixed base, base isolation and dampers using SAP 2000 v14 software. Time history analysis has been done to determine the response of turbo generator building with fixed base and to find out seismic response control efficiency with seismic protection techniques. © BEIESP.

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering

Structural performance of non-linear analysis of turbo generator building using seismic protection techniques

In today’s construction field material have very important role. Steel structures are more economical and can be used for long span members. So steel structures are preferred instead of concrete structures. To avoid damages during seismic activity steel structure should need to be more lateral stiffness and ductility. For this steel bracing are provided. Bracing transfer the lateral load due to seismic force and wind. There are different types of bracings are used in steel structures according to their placement and shape. Among the bracings, knee braced frame has excellent ductility and lateral stiffness. So, it has got more seismic performance. In this paper, a study on seismic performance of 4 different knee braced frames is to be performed. A static nonlinear analysis will be done using Ansys software. Results will be compared. © BEIESP.

Seismic performance of different bracing for steel frames

In recent years the population is increasing rapidly. Due to this reason the demand for housing is high as every year passes which results in saturation in area consumption. High rise buildings provide an effective and economical explanation for the problem. Tubular system is recent form of high rise building in order to resist lateral load. These are mainly of three types, diagrid, hexagrid and octagrid. Hexagrid system is form of new system for high rise building which were designed on strength and stiffness to withstand wind load and seismic load on a storey height more than 50. The study is mainly going to discuss about the behavior of high rise building using hexagrid system with different hexagrid sizes in module under earthquake loading. The optimum module sizes will be obtained for both equivalent static and non-linear dynamic analysis. A G+59 storey building with symmetric floor plan using equal consumption of steel for the different hexagrid sizes will be modeled in ETABS 2016. The examination and the investigation of conduct of the hexagrid with various module sizes will be examined. © BEIESP.

Structural behaviour of high rise building using different hexagrid sizes for earthquake loading

In modern construction concrete and steel are the important materials in RC Buildings. In that, steel plays a major role in strength and durability properties of the structures. The Chloride ion present in the concrete form a passive layer over the embedded steel in concrete causes breakdown. Corrosion of steel occurs due to chemical attack and environmental attack. Steel losses its strength due to corrosion and it needs to be protected. Geo-polymer concrete is a new alternative to conventional concrete. The engineering and construction industry has successfully engaged in challenge for consuming “Sustainable green and recycled products” in manufacture of concrete. In order to reduce the environmental problem related to disposal of Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) has potential to be used as concrete material. In this research paper, we deal with prediction of corrosion rate with various methods and also the mechanical properties of the GGBS based Geo-polymer Concrete. © BEIESP.

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering

Study of corrosion of steel bars in Ggbs based geopolymer concrete

Industrial building is used to store any manufacturing products. Mostly these buildings are constructed with steel material. Ordinary steel structure are made up of truss as a roofing system with roof top covering, it is called as conventional steel building (CSB). Pre engineering building (PEB) is new type of building framing system adopted in the industrial building, the concepts is steel framing system, supporting members and roof covering are connected each other. Pre Engineering Building (PEB) systems being an alternative to conventional steel building in cost wise. Due to its less in dead weight, industrial building designed for lateral loads. To with stand the lateral load bracing are provided in the industrial structure. The aim of this research work is optimize the bracings for both conventional steel building structure (CSB) and Pre Engineering Building (PEB), analyze the behavior of structure under different loads by using Etabs software. Cost comparison of steel used for CSB and PEB are also studied. © BEIESP.

Effect of bracing under different loading for conventional and pre engineering industrial structure

The use of in-filled columns is a new trend in composite construction industry. The bearing capacity is more than the sum of individual load carrying capacity of the stainless steel tube and concrete. In this paper the austenitic stainless steel tube of 304 grade is used. The conventional concrete is replaced by using geopolymer concrete as an infill material. A stainless steel tube of various thickness is used as a major parameter in this experimental investigation. The behavior of infilled stub column and hollow stub column is studied experimentally by applying gradual load along with analytical study using finite element software ANSYS. The design strength of the composite stub column was predicted by carrying out numerical investigation using various international codes. The ultimate load carrying capacity of the infilled stub column was calculated by experimental and analytical work and the results of the same were compared for numerical simulation. The results based on strength parameters were directly proportional to the thickness of the material used. © 2006-2018 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN).

ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences

Comparative study on crushing load of stainless steel tube infilled stub column

Steel structures are the most common and smart choice for industrial construction they are basically because of its ability to create large span space at low cost. Along with the existence of Conventional Steel building (CSB), the PEB came into being from 1960s. The methodology tracked followed in PEB is highly multifaceted not just because of the quality in pre-designing and pre-fabrication but also due to the light weight outcome and economically sound factor. In this study, using SAP 2000-18 the truss chord members are designed for different sections such as ISLC/ISA, UB/UC and SHS. The most economic truss chord sections is utilised for the design of the industrial building, the industrial buildings are thus designed to carry out wind analysis with different bracings such as X- bracing, diagonal bracing and k- bracing. Therefore, the most optimised structured is then compared with PEB structure for the same parameters. © IAEME Publication.

International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology

Wind load analysis for industrial building with different bracing patterns and its comparison with pre engineered building

Buildings are affected severely during the earthquake. While design the any building in seismic zone, earthquake load are to be considered. To know the behavior of structures under seismic load there are three methods namely push over analysis, Time history analysis and Response Spectrum analysis. Based on the required result the type of method is performed. In this research the push over analysis is chosen and capacity spectrum method techniques is implemented. The Capacity Spectrum Method[CSM] is a performance based seismic design techniques and it is obtained by non-linear force - displacement curve know as push over analysis. It is widely accepted displacement based seismic design by means of graphical procedure, comparing the structure capacity with respect to ground motion of the structure. The roof displacement and base shear forces are converted to equivalent spectral acceleration and spectral displacement with respect to coefficient that shows the effective model masses and model participation factor. This spectral values defines the capacity spectrum of both structure. This paper present the seismic evaluation of RCC and Composite frame structure with irregular plan.Analysis and connection design of sixteen storied framed structure is be done by using non-liner static pushover analysis in ETABS Software. © IAEME Publication.

Capacity Spectrum method on RCC and Composite frame structures

A violent release of vital force caused by a chemical or nuclear creation nearby or within the structure can damage structures outward and inward sides of buildings structural elements like walls and expansion of openings, sometimes loss of life and injuries to tenants takes place. Invoking the Continuum damage mechanics theory to prediction of failure of the structure and to estimate the level of structural failure was considered. Enforcing this theory portrays in elaborating both the propagation of crack and initiation of crack when sudden explosion takes place. Tri Nitro Toluene discards higher vital force, it is the high explosive material under chemical explosives. Exposure to damage was superior comparing with other chemical explosive materials. For instance a masonry wall element was considered and modeled using LS-Dyna and the results were simulated by ANSYS. © IAEME Publication.