Electronics

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

This paper presents robust feature extraction techniques, called Mel Power Karhunen Loeve Transform Coefficients (MPKC), Mel Power Coefficients (MPC) for an isolated digit recognition. This hybrid method involves Stevens’ Power Law of Hearing and Karhunen Loeve(KL) Transform to improve noise robustness. We have evaluated the proposed methods on a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based isolated digit recognition system with TIDIGITS data for clean speech and also with noisy speech data. An increase in the recognition accuracy rate is observed with the proposed methods compared to conventional Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) technique. © 2005 - 2014 JATIT &amp; LLS. All rights reserved.

Electrical

School of Electrical Engineering

Chennai Campus

School of Electronics Engineering

Journal of Theoretical and Applied Information Technology

Modified MFCC methods based on KL- transform and power law for robust speech recognition

In this work, a method called Discrete Sine Transform is used in order to classify EEG signals of the brain and are used for the purpose of early autism detection. Autism is a complex behavioral disorder. The EEG signals are obtained by using electrodes that are attached to the brain. Each electrode measures the signals in different regions of the brain as the subject responds to different stimuli. The signals are processed by applying Discrete Sine Transform (DST) and then it is passed as an input to an artificial neural network. DST is used as it greatly simplifies the process and reduces the complexity. The computing tool of a neural network is used in order to objectively estimate whether a subject is suffering from autism. The network is trained with a particular dataset and upon applying a testing input the output was achieved. This study looked at EEG signals, an indirect measure of brain connectivity, and identified patterns that distinguished subjects at an increased risk for autism. © 2014 IEEE.

World University root node

2014 IEEE International Conference on Advanced Communications, Control and Computing Technologies

Use of Discrete Sine Transform in EEG signal classification for early Autism detection

Digital holography together with double random phase Fresnel plane (input plane and intermediate Fresnel plane) encoding is used for joint encryption and copyright protection of image and audio data. The image is the host data and 2-D sound map created from audio data serves as copyright information. The host image and sound map are encoded as intensity and phase of a complex function respectively and serves as a complex input image for a digital holographic processor. The proposed method can be interpreted as an audio watermarking since both visual and audio perception takes place simultaneously during reconstruction. The tolerance against partial loss of secured information has been analyzed. From a partial segment of jointly protected image-sound complex encrypted Fresnel field, the data can be reconstructed within an acceptable quality to recognize the copyright audio by human subjects. The proof of concept of the proposed method is demonstrated by numerical simulations using position phase shifting digital holography. © Research India Publications.

Department of Sensor and Biomedical Technology

Vellore Campus

International Journal of Applied Engineering Research

Joint encryption and copy right protection of images and audio data using digital holography

Marine macroalgae consist of a range of bioactive molecules exhibiting different biological activities, and many of these properties are attributed to sulfated polysaccharides, fucoxanthin, phycobiliproteins, and halogenated compounds. In this study, a glycoprotein (GLP) with a molecular mass of ∼48 kDa was extracted and purified from Codium decorticatum and investigated for its cytotoxic properties against human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The IC 50 values of GLP against MDA-MB-231 and normal breast HBL-100 cells (control) were 75 ± 0.23 μg/mL (IC25), 55 ± 0.32 μg/mL (IC50), and 30 ± 0.43 μg/mL (IC75) and 90 ± 0.57 μg/mL (IC25), 80 ± 0.48 μg/mL (IC 50), and 60 ± 0.26 μg/mL (IC75), respectively. Chromatin condensation and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage studies showed that the GLP inhibited cell viability by inducing apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells. Induction of mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathway by GLP was evidenced by the events of loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔTSIm), bax/bcl-2 dysregulation, cytochrome c release, and activation of caspases 3 and 9. Apoptosis-associated factors such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and loss of ΔTSIm were evaluated by DCFH-DA staining and flow cytometry, respectively. Cell cycle arrest of G2/M phase and expression of apoptosis associated proteins were determined using flow cytometry and Western blotting, respectively. © 2014 American Chemical Society.

VIT Unitversity

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry

Induction of ROS-dependent mitochondria-mediated intrinsic apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells by glycoprotein from codium decorticatum

In this work, we study the effect of fundamental and higher order soliton with and without the presence of third-order dispersion (TOD, β3). The effect is studied near the zero dispersion wavelength of 1270 nm with second-order dispersion (β2) value of 0.22 ps2/km for various third-order dispersion parameter sweeps from 0.01 to 0.1 ps3/km. The theme of temporal pulse displacement due to TOD is studied for 10 and 20 soliton periods for fundamental soliton and 10 soliton period for higher order soliton (N = 2). The effective pulse width of 1 ps (FWHM) is displaced from its original position to adjacent position depending upon the TOD value. It is found in both fundamental and higher order soliton, that the displacement in higher for TOD value of 0.1 ps3/km than 0.01 ps3/km. The effect of displaced fundamental soliton pulse is pictured with respect to the transmitted distance (different soliton period) and TOD. The spectral characteristics of higher order soliton is also analyzed which is one of the characteristic mechanisms for supercontinuum generation. © 2014 World Scientific Publishing Company.

Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics and Materials

Study on fundamental and higher order soliton with and without third-order dispersion near zero dispersion point of single mode fiber

This paper discusses the issue of providing basic QoS in optical burst-switched WDM networks. As in WDM networks, end-to-end connection demands are dynamic routes, it changes the state according to the current network traffic status. In order to improve the basic QoS, load balancing technique for lightpath establishment in Optical WDM Networks has been proposed. This approach contains three phases; initially the network's traffic is predicted with Hidden Markov Model (HMM). In the second phase wavelength ordering technique is implemented where the crosstalk in the network is reduced. In the final phase an objective function based on GRASP is considered for the predicted traffic load from phase-1. Through this approach, it is shown in this paper that the Quality of service (QoS) in the optical WDM network can be improved in terms of delay, throughput and blocking probability. © 2014 IEEE.

2nd International Conference on Current Trends in Engineering and Technology, ICCTET 2014

Hidden Markov model based lightpath establishment technique for improving QoS in optical WDM networks

In paper, a combined technique proposed for solving transmission congestion problem in deregulated power system. For improving the congestion management performance of cuckoo search (CS) algorithm, the artificial neural network (ANN) is combined with CS algorithm. Here, the CS is optimized the real power changes of the generator while transmission congestion is occurred. Thus, the ANN is used to predict the generator reschedule real power according to the transmission congestion. Hence, the computational performance of CS algorithm is enhanced. Then, the congestion management cost and power loss of the proposed method is minimized by the CS algorithm according to the transmission congestion. Proposed method is implemented in MATLAB working platform and the real power rescheduling, congest management cost, and power loss are evaluated. The congestion management performance of the proposed method (ANN-CS) is compared with CS and PSO algorithm. © 2005 - 2014 JATIT & LLS. All rights reserved.

A combined congestion management technique for rescheduling of optimal active power of generator units

Segmented blood vessel from the fundus image provides useful clinical information for the diagnosis and monitoring of eye diseases. In this paper, blood vessels from the green channel of the fundus image are enhanced using a two dimensional matched filter which enhances the contrast of the blood vessel against the background. The contrast enhanced blood vessels are then segmented using line detection algorithms which uses four directional filters. The final segmented vasculature is obtained by integrating the outputs from the directional filters. The proposed algorithm is evaluated using the DRIVE database and better performance is obtained. An accuracy of 0.9488 is achieved using the proposed method against Staal et al [7] method with an accuracy of 0.9442. The effectiveness and simplicity of this method can be used to automate screening for early detection of diabetic retinopathy. © 2005 - 2014 JATIT & LLS. All rights reserved.

Segmentation of blood vessels using improved line detection and entropy based thresholding

In this paper, we present bi-directional data vortex interconnection network in which the packets are routed both in the forward as well as in the reverse directions. We have simulated the hardware model of a single node with data flow from the node in both the directions and routing. The cascading performance of nodes has been studied by varying the input power from-15 to 0 dBm and BER characteristics up to 70 cascaded nodes have been verified. The terminal reliability analysis of bi-directional data vortex is carried out, as reliability and fault tolerance are important parameters for any multistage interconnection network. Finally, the comparison of the terminal reliability between the proposed bidirectional architecture with two data vortex networks connected in parallel for bidirectional operation is presented. © 2014 IEEE.

Journal of Lightwave Technology

Bidirectional Data Vortex Optical Interconnection Network: BER Performance by Hardware Simulation and Evaluation of Terminal Reliability

The objective of this research is to develop an automatic medical diagnostic system which can be readily available to the common man, especially to those who cannot receive proper medical care. The approach basically includes a combination of soft and hard inputs. Soft inputs include a variety of common symptoms such as fever, headache and cough. Each selected disease corresponds to a variety of general symptoms. Hard inputs include images of the tongue as it is widely used by the doctor to diagnose the various disorders. The analysis of hard inputs was divided into two phases, namely chromatic colour analysis and texture-based statistical analysis. Once the feature vectors are encoded from the hard and soft inputs, they are fed to a neural network for developing a classification model. Neural network is trained with four different algorithms and the performance is analysed. Copyright © 2014 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.