Glass fibre reinforced polymer matrix composites are widely used in various industries as important structural components. Unlike metals, strain induced and damage states of an anisotropic composite are hard to predict under real time loading. With that focus, a piezoresistivity material based Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system for laminated polymer composite is proposed in the study to measure the strain induced in the composite under real time loading. Nickel based alloys such as Karma and Nichrome alloys are embedded into the composites to monitor the strain and damage induced in the composites. The resistance measurement setup with embedded strain sensing nickel alloy is tested with uni-axial tension and flexural load for performance evaluation. The piezoresistivity response of the nickel alloys is used to predict the strain induced and damage state of the composites, when subject to real time loading. The piezoresistivity response of the nickel alloy is inferred in two phases such as deformation phase and failure phase, which clearly shows the various states of strain and damage induced in the composites. In repeated loading, by monitoring the shift in the piezoresistivity response curve of embedded nickel alloy during loading and unloading condition can be directly correlated with the accumulation of permanent damage in the composites. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

Sasikumar M

Mechanical

School of Mechanical Engineering

Chennai Campus

Balaji R

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Measurement

The increase in usage of composite structures has raised the necessity for evaluating in-service performance. Due to complexity in design, high operational loads, and longer lifetime, composite structures are prone to unpredicted failures. Current-day nondestructive evaluation techniques, such as ultrasonic testing, acoustic emission, eddy current method, radiography, thermography, etc., are primarily meant for metallic materials and not always very effective for composites because of inherent micromechanical complexities. Structural health monitoring (SHM) is an important method that can be used to monitor the health of composite structures and has been around for more than two decades. It is mostly confined to laboratories and industries to examine the defects associated with composite material, especially for aerospace and civil application. This chapter on maintenance and monitoring of composites explains the advantages of implementation of SHM for composite structures and the limitations of present-day nondestructive testing (NDT) methods based on numerous amounts of publications and research carried out by researchers. In this chapter a detailed review has been presented for SHM for polymer composites and a comparison has been made between SHM and NDT. Also, various challenges for SHM along with feasible and emerging SHM techniques that include piezoelectric, acoustic-ultrasonic, acoustic emission, and electrical mechanical impedance methods have been explained in detail. Composites are anisotropic in nature, so their properties vary with applied changes, which is the main source of problems in monitoring the health of a structure made of composites as the damage is difficult to predict. Thus it becomes important to determine the accurate position and the speed of the damage propagation including submicron-sized cracks in the composites. © 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Structural Health Monitoring of Biocomposites, Fibre-Reinforced Composites and Hybrid Composites

Maintenance and monitoring of composites

The polymer composites are extensively used as advanced materials for various engineering applications such as aviation, marine, automobile and civil structures because of its unique superior properties. The anisotropic nature of the composite makes it as a complicated material to predict strain and damage induced in it under the real-time loading. In order to improve safety and reliability of these composite materials, the real-time strain induced in the composite needs to monitor continuously. With that focus, nanoparticles such as reduced graphene oxide and nano-nickel-coated glass fibre are fabricated and characterised for damage sensing application for the polymer composites reported in this work. The concept of embedding nanoparticles-coated glass fibres in an array of rows and columns as damage sensor is demonstrated by studying its real-time piezoresistive response under medium-velocity impact. When embedded composites are subjected to impact, the corresponding row and column sensor show variation in the piezoresistance. Thus, by monitoring the piezoresistance of the coated glass fibre, the damage and its location can be predicted. Thus, localisation and degree of damage induced in the polymer composites can be predicted by monitoring the piezoresistance of the embedded glass fibre under impact loading. © The Author(s) 2018.

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Journal	Data powered by TypesetMeasurement
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetElsevier BV
ISSN	0263-2241
Open Access	No