There are variety of effluents are dumped or directly discarded into atmosphere due to drastic industrialization which leads to damages in living organisms. To prevent many type of environmental defects our research group focused to synthesis material which degrades toxic substance like dyes with the help of ecofriendly synthesis. We have synthesized Tin oxide nanoparticles (SnO2 NPs) using aqueous extract of Catunaregam spinosa (C. spinosa) root barks. Bio-inspired synthesized SnO2 NPs were monitored by analytical characterization which inferred that SnO2 NPs resulted in shape of spherical, with size average of 47 ± 2 nm. Further bio-green synthesized SnO2 NPs were subjected to degrade toxic Congo red dye, which results in higher percentage of degradation with the K value of 0.9212 which obeys pseudo-first order reaction kinetics. This report said to be novel due to null report on SnO2 NPs synthesized from C. spinosa root bark aqueous extract which also stated to be simplest, cheaper and non-toxic while compare to other methods. Further to identify the metabolites which is present in the aqueous extract were identified through Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry with methanol as a solvent results that 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one contains higher area percentage of 67.47 with the retention time (RT) of 18.660. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.

Mohana Roopan S

Department of Chemistry

School of Advanced Sciences

Vellore Campus

Elango M

Mechanical

School of Mechanical Engineering

Chennai Campus

Haritha E

Madhavi G

Al-Dhabi N.A

Arasu M.V.

Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology

Metal/metal oxide nanoparticles are considered to be the most important of several kinds of nanoparticles, having numerous applications in the biomedical field. There are many ways to synthesize metal/metal oxide nanoparticles, which include natural (Green), chemical and physical methods. But the main drawback to chemical or physical processes is their hazardous approach and elimination of toxic effluents, which cause a threat to the environment. To overcome this drawback, most researchers have been focusing on a biotechnological approach towards the synthesis of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles. In general, metal nanoparticles utilized in applications mingle with air and lead to some airborne diseases while metal oxide nanoparticles are very tiny in comparison. In this chapter, the most prominent research in the field of nanobiotechnology is discussed; moreover, an overview is given of metal/metal oxide nanoparticles and their applications. © 2018 Scrivener Publishing LLC.

Green Metal Nanoparticles

Current Scenario in Green Approaches for Metal/Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesis

In this article, we have discussed the biosynthesis of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) using aqueous Saccharomyces cerevisiae extract and its photocatalytic application. The biosynthesised PdNPs were characterised by UV-Vis spectroscopy (UV-Vis), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM). The formation of PdNPs was confirmed from the disappearance of the peak at 405 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. Agglomerated and hexagonal shaped PdNPs were noted by SEM. FTIR was performed to identify the biomolecules responsible for the synthesis of PdNPs. Bioactive compounds in the yeast extract acted as secondary metabolites which facilitated the formation of PdNPs. The yeast synthesised PdNPs degraded 98% of direct blue 71 dye photochemically within 60 min under UV light. © 2018 Vietnam Academy of Science &amp; Technology.

Fulltext

Advances in Natural Sciences: Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

Biosynthesis of palladium nanoparticles using Saccharomyces cerevisiae extract and its photocatalytic degradation behaviour

A facile phyto chemical extracellular synthesis of Palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) with the help of starting material Palladium acetate and easily available wild plant Catunaregum spinosa (C. Spinosa) were developed. The phyto chemicals present in the plant acts as secondary metabolites for Pd NPs formation. In most of the industries carcinogenic dyes are released into water bodies in an uncontrolled manner among this Congo red is also released; which said to be a toxic diazo dye. These effluents can play a prominent role in affecting the flora and fauna. In this perspective Pd NPs is synthesized by using C. spinosa root bark aqueous extract in an ecofriendly manner by using bottom-up approach. Further the Pd NPs was monitored by UV–Vis spec and characterized by FT-IR, XRD, TEM, EDAX, Zeta potential. Green synthesized Pd nanomaterials identified as agglomerated spherical shape particles and size average of 47 ± 2 nm by microscopical analysis. Further the synthesized Pd NPs were investigated against the homogenous catalytic degradation Congo red results in 83%. © 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.

Journal of Cluster Science

Environmental Friendly Synthesis of Palladium Nanoparticles and its Photocatalytic Activity Against Diazo Dye to Sustain the Natural Source

In this era, researchers have mainly concentrated on green synthesis of nanoparticles which is rapid, nontoxic, ecofriendly, reproducible and less cost when compared to the chemical and physical methods. Phytochemical reduction of AgNO3 to Ag NPs using root bark extracts of Catunaregum spinosa (C. spinosa) is reported in this manuscript. The resulting bio-reduced Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were analyzed by UV–Visible Spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, TEM, Zeta potential and EDAX. Preparation of Ag NPs was identified by transformation of color from white to brown with maximum absorption at 442 nm due to Surface Plasmon Resonance. Crystalline studies by XRD inferred that the biosynthesized Ag NPs were crystalline in nature and further morphological studies revealed that the particles were spherically agglomerated with size ranging from 33 ± 2 nm. Moreover, the green synthesized Ag NPs were subjected for the degradation of toxic Amaranth dye using photoreactor exactly at 365 nm and pseudo first order kinetics were also stated the rate of degradation reaction were identified to be − K = 0.932 which provides significant results showing 94.07% degradation of azo grouped dye. © 2016 Elsevier B.V.

Journal of Molecular Liquids

Catunaregum spinosa capped Ag NPs and its photocatalytic application against amaranth toxic azo dye

Nickel oxides nanoparticles (NiO NPs) were synthesized by biosynthesis method with the help of phytoconstituents present in the neem leaf. Further the synthesized NiO NPs were subjected for structural, optical, morphological and magnetic properties. The XRD patterns clearly infer the presence of polycrystalline nature of samples (0 1 0), (0 1 1) and (0 1 2) with hexagonal crystal phase. Morphological studies using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) reveals that the biosynthesized NiO NPs were in shape of oblong with 12 nm in size. Elemental analysis (EDAX) confirms the quantity of Ni is present at 51% and remaining O as 49% as well as the mass magnetization values of 61 emu/g are also recorded for NiO NPs and its coercivity values in the range of 0.2–0.4 of nanoparticles respectively. Finally the NiO NPs was studied for bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 1430) and followed by Escherichia coli (MTCC 739) by agar diffusion assay. © 2016 The Authors

Results in Physics

Neem leaves mediated preparation of NiO nanoparticles and its magnetization, coercivity and antibacterial analysis

Maximum pollutants in the industrial and domestic waste water effluents from any sources include pathogens and organic chemicals, which can be removed before discharging into the water bodies. Methylene blue has been considered as one of the major water contaminated pollutants. Such pollutant is dominant in surface water and groundwater. It will cause irreversible hazards to human and aquatic life. Nanotechnology plays a major role in degrading such type of pollutant. In order to fulfill today's requirement, we have decided to handle the green synthesis of nanoparticles and its application by merging important fields like chemistry, environmental science, and biotechnology. Here our work emphasizes on the biological synthesis of SnO2 nanoparticles (SnO2 NPs) using the methanolic extract of Cyphomandra betacea (C.betacea), and it was confirmed by various characterization techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, XRD, SEM, particle size analyzer, zeta potential, and TEM. The obtained results stated that the synthesized SnO2 NPs were in rod shape with an average size of 21nm, which resulted in a product of nanobiotechnology. Further, we have utilized the environmental-friendly synthesized SnO2 NPs photocatalytic degradation of environmental concern methylene blue with first-order kinetics. In this paper, we have attempted to prove that secondary metabolite-entrapped SnO2 NPs are non-toxic to the environment.

Efficacy of SnO 2 nanoparticles toward photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye

Tin oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles were prepared using Persia Americana seed methanolic extract by calcining stannous chloride precursors at 300-500 °C by green synthesis method. Synthesized SnO2 NPs were confirmed via characterization techniques such as UV-visible spectroscopy (UV), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). The results of characterization technique states that the synthesized nanoparticles were in the size of 4 nm and further we have undergone catalytic degradation of organic dye named phenolsulfonphthalein (phenol red). The result showed that SnO2 NPs shows much degradation activity by the catalytic action of long UV exactly at 365 nm. © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy

Green synthesis of SnO 2 nanoparticles and its photocatalytic activity of phenolsulfonphthalein dye

Cocos nucifera is one of the most adaptable products which possess several protein fractions such as albumins, globulins, prolamines, glutelins 1 and 2 which were found and reported. Since C. nucifera was rich in nutritional value, it has wide medicinal applications. In this manuscript, we have reviewed on the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antimalarial, leishmanicidal, and insecticidal activity. Also C. nucifera act as a low cost agricultural waste which was widely used in the preparation of nanoparticles: in this review, we have also focused on silver, gold, aluminum oxide, and doped nanoparticles like europium doped yttrium oxide nanoparticles. © 2015 Elsevier B.V.

Industrial Crops and Products

Exploitation of Cocos nucifera a non-food toward the biological and nanobiotechnology field

Most of researcher focused their research towards synthesize of nanoparticles by the method of applied chemical method which was one of the costliest method. We have focused cheapest and simplest method for the synthesizing of lead nanoparticles (Pb-NPs) using cocos nucifera L extract. The methanolic extract of cocos nucifera L was efficiently used as a reducing agent for synthesizing Pb-NPs. On treatment of lead acetate with cocos nucifera coir extracts, stable Pb-NPs were formed. The synthesized Pb-NPs were further confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and Energy Dispersive (EDAX) analysis. The secondary metabolites present in methanolic extract which can mainly act as a reducing and capping agents for the formation of Pb-NPs were identified by GC-MS. Anti-microbial activity for Pb-NPs against four pathogenic strain's such as Staphylococcus aureus, Escheria coli, Staphylococcus epidermis and Bacillus subtilis. Result states that Pb-NPs size was 47 nm and also shows good activity against S. aureus. Further we report on photocatalytic absorption of malachite green dye processed in short UV wavelength at 254 nm. UV spectral analysis showed peak absorbance at 613 nm with special reference to the excitation of surfaces plasmon vibration by Pb-NPs.

Green synthesis, spectroscopic investigation and photocatalytic activity of lead nanoparticles

In recent era researchers are mainly focused on silver (Ag) and silver doped nanoparticles due to its vast area of applications which are effectively acts against the microbial activity. Silver nanoparticles (AgNP’s) were one of the metal nanoparticles which have high activity against various diseases causing pathogens to safeguard the environment. However, there is increasing concern related to biological impacts by the use of silver doped nanoparticles on a large scale. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were doped with other chemical reagents by using various physio-chemical methods. The stability of silver nanoparticles was governed by morphological features, capping agents and organic molecules. This review article briefs about the synthesis of silver doped nanoparticles using different methods and their antimicrobial activity. © 2014, Springer Science+Business Media New York.

Journal	Data powered by TypesetJournal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology
Publisher	Data powered by TypesetElsevier BV
ISSN	1011-1344
Open Access	0