A vortex tube is a device, which uses pressurised inlet gas to split into hot and cold separate streams. This phenomenon is referred to as energy separation. The literature behind the energy separation in vortex tube is huge as the device was invented in 1933. The improvement in the performance of the device and the working principle behind the energy separation has been the topic of interest to many researchers around the globe. However, the ability to produce hot/cold gases without mechanical device finds promising applications in literature. This review article recommends the usage of vortex tube to many diverse fields of applications. The operational parameters involved in every application are tabulated and studied. The collection of articles on counter-flow vortex tube oriented towards the application provide the reader a fascinating choice in recovering energy from pressurised gas and ability to meet certain applications required in a particular industry. © 2020 Engineers Australia.