Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT) is a private university located in&nbsp;Tamil Nadu, India. Founded in 1984, as Vellore Engineering College, the institution offers 20 undergraduate, 34 postgraduate, four integrated and four research programs. It has campuses in Vellore, Amravati, Bhopal and Chennai.

VIT is one of the top ranked private universities in India according to NIRF, THE and QS Rankings.&nbsp;Govt. of India has recognized&nbsp;VIT, Vellore as an&nbsp;Institution of Eminence. This has allowed VIT to take independent quality initiatives and move up in world ranking.

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VIT University

Nowadays, microgrids with hybrid renewable energy sources are increasing, and it is a promising solution to electrify remote areas where distribution network expansion is not feasible or economical. This study aims to find an ideal hybrid system grounded on solar, wind, diesel, biomass, hydro, and battery. This study utilizes the hybrid optimization model for electric renewable (HOMER) software to size the important components, perform technical, financial evaluation, renewable factor, estimate the harmful emissions, and sensitivity analysis. For optimum system selection, the lowest cost of energy is used as the criteria. Four different configurations of renewable energy sources are analyzed and found PV-WT-MH-CT-BT-DG-BG is the most feasible hybrid system amongst all configurations. The proposed PV-WT-MH-CT-BT-DG-BG hybrid system is more economic as the lowest cost of energy 0.196, low operating cost 36,184, low net present cost 831,217. Also, this hybrid system is more environmentally friendly as it has less emission and a high renewable factor of 81.2%. © 2013 IEEE.

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Prefeasibility Economic and Sensitivity Assessment of Hybrid Renewable Energy System

A typical microgrid is consists of interconnected load with renewable, non-renewable distributed generation sources and energy storage devices to manage load demand. The utilization of solar renewable energy sources offers many advantages, such as decreasing environmental emissions and enhancing cost economy. The optimal design of the microgrid includes identifying the most suitable configuration from all possible configuration and choosing the suitable capacities of the storage devices and the energy sources. In this case study, the grid-connected microgrid is designing based on the minimum energy cost and net present cost. Therefore, the proposed microgrid shows more benefits with respect to technical and cost economy performances relative to base case system. A case study of NIT Durgapur system is presented to design and analyze utility grid-connected microgrid systems, including the two optional tariffs. Finally, the comparative analysis is also presented for the proposed microgrid system. © 2021 IEEE.

ICPEE 2021 - 2021 1st International Conference on Power Electronics and Energy

Analysis of Grid Connected Hybrid Micro-Grid with Different Utility Tariffs

Now that the world's most important problems are the lack of fossil fuel reserves, we need to find a solution to preserve non-renewable resources and replace them with other renewable resources such as solar power. The next focus is on the rising level of undesired gases, such as carbon dioxide, etc. There is a need to regulate the impact of such greenhouse gases. This paper mainly intentional to situate optimal scheduling and to meet the power demand profile by the utilization of available solar energy resources. Considering the above data we have put forth an attempt to scrutinize the leverage of distributed Generation considering solar energy, alone can vary, when associated together they give a dependable wellspring of vitality as a DG is utilized as reinforcement unit for the crisis. So consolidating a solar powered energy source with a diesel generator provides reliable generation, utilizing independent sunlight based renewable power system for a chose area in Vellore region, Tamil Nadu, India. The principle goal of this paper is to decide the optimal sizing dependent on different designs, moreover reduce the cost parameters such as, total net preset Cost (TNPC), system cost of Energy (COE), unmet electric load, CO2 emissions by utilizing HOMER Software. It is found that the PV/Diesel/converter combination provides optimal results which providing vitality with 0% unmet load at the minimum electricity cost, which is diminished from$ 0.672 to $0.319/Kwh. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

Design, analysis and optimal sizing of standalone PV/diesel/battery hybrid energy system using HOMER

The optimal design of a hybrid system with different configurations including renewable generation is presented in this paper. A novel multi-objective function consisting of 6 different objectives of hybrid system is reported using GA, PSO, and TLBO to decide the optimal configurations of parameters. The technical (loss of power supply probability, renewable factor), economical (cost of energy, penalty and fuel consumption), and social (job creation, human development index, and particular matter) features are investigated as objectives simultaneously for optimal design of hybrid system. The different objective indices namely cost of energy, loss of power supply probability, particular matter, human development index, job creation, and renewable factor indices are considered. The newly invented particular matter factor for design consideration of hybrid system directly shows the human health impacts, while pollutant emission is measured in the hybrid system design. The optimum values of objective indices are decided on the basis of the minimum value of multi-objective function. The distinct cases from I to VI of hybrid system are examined for optimal configuration including different combinations of PV, wind, biomass, diesel generator, and battery bank. The resulting analysis of each case reveals that the performance of TLBO is better than PSO, and PSO is better than GA in all respect through new multi-objective function and found case I is more efficient solution. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

International Journal of Energy Research

A novel methodology for scrutiny of autonomous hybrid renewable energy system

PV and wind hybrid are found to be the most lucrative solution for the diminishing traditional energy sources. Whereas these alternatives sources of the energy have many remarkable rewards like cost of energy and feasibility etc. The attributes of these sources of being cost effective and stable are possible due to their complementary nature as compared to independent energy systems. Therefore, these systems have admirable capability to meet energy crisis up to some extent. The proposed work gives the idea about various configuration, control strategy, techno-economic analysis and social effect. The findings of comprehensive review will help for further improvements in hybrid system design and control with respect to practical system implementation. This paper also presents a case study of remote area Barwani, India and results are compared using Homer and PSO. The resulting analysis reveals that configurations of hybrid system are the most techno-economical feasible solution concerning COE, renewable fraction, maximum renewable penetration, levelized cost, operating cost, mean electrical efficiency, and emission amongst various hybrid system configurations using PSO as compared to HOMER. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

Review of hybrid renewable energy systems with comparative analysis of off-grid hybrid system

This paper presents the optimal hybrid power system design including various configurations of renewable energy generation. To decide the optimal configuration of parameters a new multi-objective function with six separate objectives of hybrid renewable system is presented using GA, PSO, BFPSO and TLBO optimization techniques. The different parameters namely technical (LPSP, Renewable factor), economical (COE, Penalty & Fuel consumption) and social (Job creation, HDI & PM) features are investigated as objectives simultaneously for optimal design of hybrid system. The design consideration of hybrid system using a novel PM factor, human health impacts are directly shown whereas pollutant emission is measured in the hybrid system design. Based on the minimum value of multi-objective function optimal values are decided for objective indices. For optimal configuration including various combinations of wind, PV, diesel generator, biomass and battery bank, separate cases from I to VI of hybrid system are tested. Performance of TLBO is found to be better than BFPSO, PSO and GA as per the analysis of results for individual cases. Also the case I found to be the most efficient solution among all cases. © 2017 Elsevier Ltd

Renewable Energy

Socio-techno-economic design of hybrid renewable energy system using optimization techniques

This paper presents the optimal planning of PV-Wind-Biomass hybrid energy system, which includes back up power sources as battery bank and diesel generator. The cost of energy (COE) or electricity price is minimized as objective function using GA and PSO. The optimal configuration of hybrid system is obtained on the basis of minimum COE. The optimal solution is consists with high reliability, maximum value of renewable fraction, less emission and low penalty cost according to minimum COE. The reliability is computed on the basis of loss of power supply probability (LPSP), which is assumed 2% maximum in this case study. This paper aim's to present the techno-economic feasibility of pv-wind-biomass hybrid energy system (HES) for a case study of remote area of barwani district, India. The optimization results are presented for load following and cycle charging strategy and also compared the results using GA and PSO optimization techniques. © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

Energy Procedia

Optimal sizing of standalone PV/Wind/Biomass hybrid energy system using GA and PSO optimization technique

In this paper modelling of solar photovoltaic (PV) module is carried out thorugh MATLAB programming. The two most commonly used electrical equivalent circuit models: single-diode and double-diode model, are used and their various characteristics are explained in detail. The necessary non-linear mathematical equations are described and used for modelling of solar PV module in obtaining unknown parameters of single-diode and double-diode models. A flowchart has been developed for estimation of solar cell output current, for single-diode and double-diode model, using Newton-Raphson iterative technique which is then programmed in MATLAB script file accordingly. A typical 60W multicrystalline solar module specifications is used for model accuracy evaluation. The characteristic I-V and P-V curves were obtained with the use of manufacturer's datasheet and it shows the precise correspondence for both the models. The aspects of theses curves are hence discussed and criteria for selection of a model under all possible conditions for all time are then described. © 2015 IEEE.

International Conference on Energy Systems and Applications, ICESA 2015

Study of characteristics of single and double diode electrical equivalent circuit models of solar PV module

Renewable energy systems are likely to become widespread in the future due to adverse environmental impacts and escalation in energy costs linked with the exercise of established energy sources. Solar and wind energy resources are alternative to each other which will have the actual potential to satisfy the load dilemma to some degree. However, such solutions any time researched independently are not entirely trustworthy because of their effect of unstable nature. In this context, autonomous photovoltaic and wind hybrid energy systems have been found to be more economically viable alternative to fulfill the energy demands of numerous isolated consumers worldwide. The aim of this paper is to give the idea of the hybrid system configuration, modeling, renewable energy sources, criteria for hybrid system optimization and control strategies, and software used for optimal sizing. A case study of comparative various standalone hybrid combinations for remote area Barwani, India also discussed and found PV-Wind-Battery-DG hybrid system is the most optimal solution regarding cost and emission among all various hybrid system combinations. This paper also features some of the near future improvements, which actually has the possibility to improve the actual monetary attraction connected with this sort of techniques and their endorsement by the consumer. © 2016 The Author(s).

Cogent Engineering

PV-wind hybrid system: A review with case study

The aim of this paper is to design of optimal sizing of photo voltaic/wind hybrid energy based power system for rural electrification in the key area (Jamny Ven Barwani) Madhya Pradesh India where utility supply cost is real high due to limited consumer and higher transportation cost. The chosen case study presents a power demand 111kWh/d. The system is designed and optimized as hybrid energy base power system in parliamentary procedure to fulfill the existing user's power require at a minimum price of energy. Wind speed and solar radiation data obtained from Indian Meteorological Division (IMD) for optimization software, Electric Renewable (HOMER) through hybrid optimization model has been used in the simulation process. The simulation based optimization generates the best optimized sizing of wind and PV array with diesel generators for rural hybrid base power system. This system is more Productive relative to the cost and environmental pleasant over the common sources of dynamism. It brings down the whole net current price, Operating charge, and running charge and also cuts the output of carbon dye oxide (co2) and other hazardous gases. It is anticipated that if the penalty cost of co2 and other gases, consider, the hybrid scheme is friendlier for environmental aspect. © 2014 IEEE.